Karst topography is a result of the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone, dolomite and gypsum.Cenote is a natural pit or a sinkhole which results from the collapse of a limestone bedrock exposing the groundwater underneath. Cenotes are commonly found in low-lying areas like islands, coastlines, etc.

Karst topography is a result of the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone, dolomite and gypsum. Caves are formed due to weathering of rock deep underground. Cave or cavern is a natural void and is  a space large enough so that a human can enter. The study of the formation and development of caves is called as Speleogenesis. The  secondary mineral deposits formed in the caves are called speleothems. These include flowstones, stalagmites, stalactites,etc.

Oceanic trenches are long and narrow depressions of the sea floor. They are the deepest parts of the ocean floor. They are a type of tectonic landforms.Horst is a raised fault block bounded by normal faults. The word Horst in Dutch and German means ‘heap’. It is a raised block of earth’s crust that has been lifted. It is a tectonic landform.

Impact crater is a type of impact landform formed due to collision of astronomical objects. Impact crater is a circular depression formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body.Folowing are the examples of impact craters on the Earth:Lonar crater – IndiaKaali crater – EstoniaKarakul crater – Tajikistan

Etchplain is a plain where the bedrock has been subject to considerable subsurface weathering is called an Etchplain. The process of the formation of Etchplains is called Etchplantation.Flared slope is a rock-wall with a smooth transition into a concavity at the foot zone is called a Flared zone. They are found in a variety of climates. They are most common in granitic rocks.

The Mackenzie Delta is formed on the Mackenzie river which is the longest river system in Canada. The delta is a home to vast regions of Boreal forests.

The Ural Mountains in Russia, act as a boundary between Europe and Asia. Mt. Narodnaya is the highest peak in the Urals.

Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. It is bordered by the Canada and United States. It is the only Great Lake not to border the state of Michigan.

Shoal or bar is a natural submerged ridge rising from the bed of water to near surface. They are also called as sandbars, sandbanks or gravel bars.

Shoal or bar is a natural submerged ridge rising from the bed of water to near surface. They are also called as sandbars, sandbanks or gravel bars.