Karst topography is a result of the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone, dolomite and gypsum. Caves are formed due to weathering of rock deep underground. Cave or cavern is a natural void and is  a space large enough so that a human can enter. The study of the formation and development of caves is called as Speleogenesis. The  secondary mineral deposits formed in the caves are called speleothems. These include flowstones, stalagmites, stalactites,etc.