Logical Deduction(Reasoning Aptitude > Logical Reasoning ) Questions and answers for exam Preparation

Reasoning Aptitude > Logical Reasoning

LOGICAL DEDUCTION MCQs

Total Questions : 508 | Page 47 of 51 pages

Question 461. Statements : Some tapes are discs. Some discs are cassettes. Some cassettes are songs.
Conclusions :
I. Some songs are discs.
II. Some cassettes are tapes.
III. Some songs are tapes.
IV. No song is a disc.

Only either I or IV follows
Only either II or IV follows
Only III and IV follow
Only III and either II or IV follows
None of these

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> Only either I or IV follows
Since each combination of premises shall contain two particular premises, no definite conclusion can be drawn. However, I and IV involve the extreme terms of the second and third premises and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or IV follows.

Question 462. Statements : No table is fruit. No fruit is window. All windows are chairs.
Conclusions :
I. No window is table.
II. No chair is fruit.
III. No chair is table.
IV. All chairs are windows.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> None follows
No table is fruit. No fruit is window.
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
No fruit is window. All windows are chairs.
Since the middle term 'windows' is distributed twice and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be particular negative. So, it follows that 'Some chairs are not fruits'.

Question 463. Statements : All jungles are buses. All books are buses. All fruits are books.
Conclusions :
I. Some fruits are jungles.
II. Some buses are books.
III. Some buses are jungles.
IV. All fruits are buses.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option C. -> Only II, III and IV follow
III is the converse of the first premise and II is the converse of the second premise.
So, both of them hold.
All fruits are books. All books are buses.
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'All fruits are buses'. Thus, IV follows.
All jungles are buses. All books are buses.
Since the middle term 'buses' is not distributed ever once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
All fruits are buses. All books are buses.
As discussed above, no definite conclusion can be drawn.
All jungles are buses. All fruits are buses.
Again, no definite conclusion follows.

Question 464. Statements : All young scientists are open-minded. No open-minded men are superstitious.
Conclusions :
I. No scientist is superstitious.
II. No young people are superstitious.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Neither I nor II follows
The subject in both the conclusions is vague. The true conclusion is 'No young scientist is superstitious'. Thus, neither I nor II follows,

Question 465. Statements : All pens are roads. All roads are houses.
Conclusions :
I. All houses are pens.
II. Some houses are pens.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option B. -> Only conclusion II follows
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'All pens are houses'. II is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds. Since the term 'houses' is distributed in I without being distributed in any of the premises, so I does not follow.

Question 466. Statements : All boys are honest. Sachin is honest.
Conclusions :
I. Sachin is a boy.
II. All honest persons are boys.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Neither I nor II follows
Both the premises are A type propositions. So, the middle term 'honest' forming the predicate in each is not distributed in either. Since the middle term is not distributed even once, no definite conclusion follows.

Question 467. Statements : All artists are smokers. Some smokers are drunkards.
Conclusions :
I. All smokers are artists.
II. Some drunkards are not smokers.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Neither I nor II follows
Since the middle term 'smokers' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.

Question 468. Statements : Some pastries are toffees. All toffees are chocolates.
Conclusions :
I. Some chocolates are toffees.
II. Some toffees are not pastries.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> Only conclusion I follows
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. Thus, it follows that 'Some pastries are chocolates', I is the converse of the second premise and so it holds. Since both the premises are affirmative, the conclusion cannot be negative. Thus, II does not follow.

Question 469. Statements : All roads are waters. Some waters are boats.
Conclusions :
I. Some boats are roads.
II. All waters are boats.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Neither I nor II follows
The first premise is A type and distributes the subject. So, the middle term 'waters' which forms its predicate, is not distributed. The second premise is I type and does not distribute either subject or predicate. So, the middle term 'waters' forming its subject is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.

Question 470. Statements : Every minister is a student. Every student is inexperienced.
Conclusions :
I. Every minister is inexperienced.
II. Some inexperienced are students.

Discuss Question

Answer: Option E. -> Both I and II follow
'Every' is equivalent to 'All'. Thus, since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative and should not contain the middle term. So, I follows. II is the converse of the second premise and thus it also holds.