Reasoning Aptitude > Logical Reasoning
LOGICAL DEDUCTION MCQs
Total Questions : 508
| Page 51 of 51 pages
Answer: Option D. -> Only III and either I or IV follow
III is the converse of the third premise and so it holds.
Some pearls are stones. Some stones are diamonds.
Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.
Some stones are diamonds. No diamond is a gem.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some stones are not gems'.
However, I and IV involve the extreme terms of the three premises and form a complementary pair, Thus, either I or IV follows.
III is the converse of the third premise and so it holds.
Some pearls are stones. Some stones are diamonds.
Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.
Some stones are diamonds. No diamond is a gem.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some stones are not gems'.
However, I and IV involve the extreme terms of the three premises and form a complementary pair, Thus, either I or IV follows.
Answer: Option C. -> Only II, III and IV follow
All colleges are schools. No house is school.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No college is house'. Thus, IV follows.
All colleges are schools. All schools are teachers.
Clearly, it follows that 'All colleges are teachers'. Thus, II follows.
No house is school. All schools are teachers.
Since the middle term 'schools' is distributed twice, the conclusion must be particular.
Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, it follows that 'Some teachers are not houses'.
All colleges are schools. No house is school.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No college is house'. Thus, IV follows.
All colleges are schools. All schools are teachers.
Clearly, it follows that 'All colleges are teachers'. Thus, II follows.
No house is school. All schools are teachers.
Since the middle term 'schools' is distributed twice, the conclusion must be particular.
Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, it follows that 'Some teachers are not houses'.
Answer: Option E. -> Only either I or IV, and III follow
All needles are threads. All threads are boxes.
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative (A-type) and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'All needles are boxes'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
All threads are boxes. All trees are boxes.
Since the middle term 'boxes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
All needles are boxes. All trees are boxes.
Again, since the middle term 'boxes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion can be drawn. However, I and IV involve the extreme terms of these two statements and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or IV follows.
All needles are threads. All threads are boxes.
Since both the premises are universal and affirmative, the conclusion must be universal affirmative (A-type) and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'All needles are boxes'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
All threads are boxes. All trees are boxes.
Since the middle term 'boxes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
All needles are boxes. All trees are boxes.
Again, since the middle term 'boxes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion can be drawn. However, I and IV involve the extreme terms of these two statements and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or IV follows.
Answer: Option A. -> None follows
No toy is building. All buildings are windows.
Since the middle term 'buildings' is distributed twice and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term.
So, it follows that 'Some windows are not toys'.
Some tigers are toys. No toy is building.
Since one premise is particular and the other premise is negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some tigers are not buildings'.
No toy is building. All buildings are windows.
Since the middle term 'buildings' is distributed twice and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term.
So, it follows that 'Some windows are not toys'.
Some tigers are toys. No toy is building.
Since one premise is particular and the other premise is negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some tigers are not buildings'.
Answer: Option B. -> Only II and III follow
Some papers are cats. All cats are bats.
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some papers are bats'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
All cats are bats. No bat is horse.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No cat is horse'. II is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
Some papers are bats. No bat is horse.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some papers are not horses'.
Some papers are cats. All cats are bats.
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some papers are bats'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
All cats are bats. No bat is horse.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No cat is horse'. II is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
Some papers are bats. No bat is horse.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some papers are not horses'.
Answer: Option E. -> None of these
I is the converse of the third premise and so it holds.
No paper is pen. No pen is pencil.
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
All erasers are papers. No paper is pen.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No eraser is pen'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
Hence, only I and III follow.
I is the converse of the third premise and so it holds.
No paper is pen. No pen is pencil.
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
All erasers are papers. No paper is pen.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No eraser is pen'. III is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.
Hence, only I and III follow.
Answer: Option E. -> None of these
III is the converse of first premise and so it holds.
All myths are fictions. No fiction is novel.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No myth is novel'. Thus, I follows.
No fiction is novel. All novels are stories.
Since the middle term 'novels' is distributed twice in the premises, the conclusion must be particular. Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative.
So, it follows that 'Some stories are not fictions'.
Hence, only I and III follow.
III is the converse of first premise and so it holds.
All myths are fictions. No fiction is novel.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No myth is novel'. Thus, I follows.
No fiction is novel. All novels are stories.
Since the middle term 'novels' is distributed twice in the premises, the conclusion must be particular. Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative.
So, it follows that 'Some stories are not fictions'.
Hence, only I and III follow.
Answer: Option E. -> None of these
II is the converse of the second premise and so it holds.
No man is sky. No sky is road.
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
No man is sky. Some men are roads.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some roads are not skies'.
No sky is road. Some men are roads.
As discussed above, it follows that 'Some men are not skies'.
Hence, only II follows.
II is the converse of the second premise and so it holds.
No man is sky. No sky is road.
Since both the premises are negative, no definite conclusion follows.
No man is sky. Some men are roads.
Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some roads are not skies'.
No sky is road. Some men are roads.
As discussed above, it follows that 'Some men are not skies'.
Hence, only II follows.
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