Answer: Option A. -> Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it breaks without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture

Answer: Option D. -> Glass
amorphous or non-crystalline solid is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal

Answer: Option C. -> Cementite
White cast iron contains carbon in the form of Cementite

Answer: Option D. -> Babbitt metal
It is a soft, white non-ferrous alloy which is used to provide a bearing surface.
Bearings are used in engines to support moving mechanical parts and protect them from frictional degradation.
Babbitt metal also has properties that help it reduce friction which makes it a good material for use in a plain bearing

Answer: Option D. -> Stainless steel
Weld decay is a form of intergranular corrosion, usually of stainless steels or certain nickel-base alloys, that occurs as the result of sensitization in the heat-affected zone during the welding operation

Answer: Option C. -> Flakes
In grey cast iron, carbon is present in the form of Flakes

Answer: Option D. -> Nodular aggregates of graphite
In malleable iron, carbon is present in the form of Nodular aggregates of graphite

Answer: Option D. -> Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti-corrosion properties
Nickel in steel Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti-corrosion properties.

Answer: Option D. -> All of the above
nodular iron, obtains its special properties through the addition of magnesium into the alloy.
The presence of magnesium causes the graphite to form in a spheroid shape as opposed to the flakes of gray iron.
Composition control is very important in the manufacturing process. Small amounts of impurities such as sulfur and oxygen react with the magnesium, affecting the shape of the graphite molecules.
Different grades of ductile iron are formed by manipulating the microcrystalline structure around the graphite spheroid.
This is achieved through the casting process, or through heat treatment, as a downstream processing step.

Answer: Option B. -> Line defect
Dislocations in materials refer to Line defect.
Line defects are lines along which whole rows of atoms in a solid are arranged anomalously.
The resulting irregularity in spacing is most severe along a line called the line of dislocation.
Line defects can weaken or strengthen solids.