Answer: Option C. -> Hot and wet
:
C

The place is located near the equator so, it will be hot and it receives heavy rainfall for most of the days so, the overall climate of the place will be hot and wet.

Answer: Option B. -> Tropical rainforests 
:
B

Tropical rainforests are located around the equator. Polar regions are located near the north and south poles. The temperate region lies between polar and tropical region.

Answer: Option A. -> Thermometre
:
A
Thermometre is an instrument that is used to measure temperature. Special kind of thermometres (alcohol thermometres) are used to measure the temperatures of different regions.
Speedometre is an instrument on a vehicle's dashboard which indicates its speed. Rain guage is a device used for collecting and measuring the amount of rain. Pycnometre is a standard vessel used for measuring and comparing the densities or specific gravities of liquids or solids.

Answer: Option A. -> Meteorologists 
:
A

  $\bullet$ Meteorologists study the atmosphere and record the weather conditions everyday. They collect data such as temperature, wind, amount of rainfall, humidity etc.
  $\bullet$ Pharmacist is a person who is professionally qualified to prepare and dispense medicinal drugs.
  $\bullet$ Geologist is an expert in the field of geology, the study of what the Earth is made of and how it was formed.
  $\bullet$ Psychologist is an expert or specialist in psychology (the scientific study of the human mind and its functions).

Answer: Option C. -> Hot and dry
:
C
Deserts experience very low precipitation, which means that the amount of rainfall received by this region is minimal. Due to this, there is very little vegetation in deserts. Therefore the climate of this area is hot and dry.

Answer: Option A. -> Elephants
:
A

Elephants are commonly found in tropical rainforests. Penguins and polar bears live in cold climates of the polar regions.

Answer: Option A. -> Assam 
:
A

Tropical rainforests are found near the equator where the temperature is high and there is rainfall throughout the year. In India, tropical rainforests are found in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Western Ghats, which fringe the Arabian Sea, the coastline of peninsular India, and the greater Assam region in the north-east.

Answer: Option A. -> Seasonal cycles
:
A
The planet rotates around an axis. At different times during the year, the northern or southern axis of Earth is closer to the sun. The cycle of seasons is caused by Earth's tilt toward the sun. Climate is the statistics of the environment over time which includes seasonal cycles. It describes the trend of the weather. The day to day condition of the atmosphere with respect to the temperature, humidity, rainfall, windspeed, etc describes the weather of that place. 

Answer: Option A. -> Sticky pads     
:
A

Red-eyed frogs are species of frogs that live primarily in tropical rainforests. They have sticky pads on their feet which is an adaptation that helps them in climbing trees.

Answer: Option A. -> Polar regions
:
A

The polar regions are covered with snow throughout the year. They receive very less sunlight and in winters, the temperature can be as low as $-{37}^{\circ }$C.