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Each point: 1 Mark
1. Meteorologists record the weather every day.
2. These records help us to determine the weather pattern at a place.

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Each point: 1 Mark
1.The tropical regiongenerally has a hot climate because of its location around the equator. During hot summers, the temperature may cross 40°C butthese regions usually getplenty of rainfall.
2.An important feature of this region is the tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforests are found in Western Ghats and Assam in India, Southeast Asia, Central America andCentral Africa.
3. Because of continuous warmth and rain, this region supports a wide variety of plants and animals likemonkeys, apes, gorillas, tigers, elephants, leopards, lizards, snakes, birds and insects.

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Each correct answer: 1 Mark
(a) Assam - It has a wet climate.
(b) Kerala - It has a very hot and wet climate.

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Each point: 1 Mark
1. The lion-tailed macaque (also called Beard ape) lives in the rainforests of Western Ghats. This region generally has hot climate and gets plenty of rainfall. The climatic conditions in rainforests are highly suitable for supporting an enormous number and a variety of animals.
2. Its most outstanding feature is the silver-white mane, which surrounds the head from the cheeks down to its chin.
3. It is a good climber and spends a major part of its life on trees.
4. It feeds mainly on fruits. It also eats seeds, young leaves, stems, flowers and buds.
5. This beard ape also searches for insects under the bark of the trees. Since it is able to get sufficient food on the trees, it rarely comes down to the ground.

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Reason: 2Marks
Example: 1Mark
Difference from adaptation : 2Mark
The regular seasonal journey undertaken by many species of animals and birds to escape theharsh and cold conditions of weather is known as migration. Many animals, birds and fishmigrate to warmer regions in winter and come back when winter is over. Migration is markedby its annual seasonality.
For example, the Siberian crane migrates toplaces like Bharatpur in Rajasthan and Sultanpur in Haryana.
The tendency of an animal to develop special features which improvethe chances of its survivalin thesurroundings where it lives is called adaptation, whereas migration is the movement of animals and birds once in a year to a different location for survival.

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Each reason: 2 Marks
Example: 1 Mark
Animals of a certain kind are found in a particular climatic condition because every living organism is adapted to live in a particular habitat. Every living thingdevelops its features according to the area, where it lives.
For example, penguins have thick skin to protect themselves from cold and webbed feet to swim in water. They cannot survive in the hot climate of tropical regions as they have thick skin for protection from cold.

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Definition: 2 Marks
Climate is the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, such as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years. Climate of a place remains same for a long period of time, hence it does notchangefrequently.

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Definition: 1 Mark
Importance:1 Mark
Examples:1 Mark
Camouflage is an adaptation that allows animals to change colour so as to allow them to blend in with their surroundings. The predators can hide and hunt and also the prey can hide from their predators.
Examples: For example, the lion is almost the same colour as dried grass. So, it can stay hidden and hunt its prey.

Answer: Option A. ->
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Weather is the condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time, whereas climate is the weather pattern of a place over a long period of time. Hence weather changes frequently.

Answer: Option A. ->
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Short days and long nights : 1 Mark
Long days and short nights : 1 Mark
a) Winter season has short days and long nights because the Earth is away from the Sun.
b) Summer season has long days and short nights because the Earth is closer to the Sun.