Answer: Option B. -> Key
:
B
Taxonomic key is a taxonomical aid used for identification of plants and animals based on the similarities and dissimilarities. It has a list of statements which are used for identifying organisms. Each statement in the key is called a lead. Separate taxonomic keys are required for each taxonomic category such as family, genus and species for identification purposes. Keys are generally analytical in nature.

Answer: Option A. -> Herbarium
:
A
Aherbariumis a collection of exclusively preserved plants that are stored, catalogued, and arranged systematically for the purpose of study.Museums have collections of not just preserved plants, but also of animal specimens for study and reference. Botanical gardens have collections of living plants for reference.

Answer: Option B. -> Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
:
B
Lion and tiger belong to the genus Panthera. They belong to the same genus because of various similarities in morphological and other characters. They, however, cannot interbreed successfully to produce a fertile offspring, which puts them under different species, leo and tigris respectively. Thus, the fact that they cannot interbreed is a reason for the different species they belong to, and not the reason for sharing the same genus.

Answer: Option D. -> All of these
:
D
In living organisms, growth occurs mainly by cell division. An increase in body mass and size are also considered as growth.

Answer: Option C. -> Genus
:
C
The taxonomic hierarchy in descending order is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Thus, there are two major taxa above Species and below Order, which are Family and Genus. The additional information given is that the taxon in question is represented by a capitalised, italicised Latin name. Binomial nomenclature includes only Genus and Species names. Among Family and Genus, thus, it is Genus that is included in binomial nomenclatureand denoted this way (capitalised, italicised Latin name). The taxon in question is thus, Genus.

Answer: Option C. -> Gnathostomata
:
C
Humans belong to Phylum Chordata because of the presence of an embryonic notochord. Since this notochord gets replaced with a vertebral column in the fully developed humans, they belong to subphylum Vertebrata. Further, since they have a jawline, they belong to Division Gnathostomata. Mammalia is a class under Gnathostomata.

Answer: Option B. -> Linnaeus               
:
B
Carolus Linnaeus employed thebinomial system of nomenclature in the first edition of his book 'Species Plantarum' in 1753. According to this, a plant name consists of two Latin words, the first of which is thegeneric name and the second is thespecific epithet. Engler and Prantl are famous for their contributions in the field of plant taxonomy.

Answer: Option A. -> Tiger - tigris, species
:
A
The binomial name of tiger is Panthera tigrisand hence, the species name is tigris. Dog belongs to Chordata, which is a phylum and not a class. Humans belong to order Primata and family Hominidae. Frog belongs to class Amphibia.

Answer: Option B. -> Species
:
B
The taxonomy triangle is an upright triangle which is divided into various levels, each of which represents a particular taxon. The taxa are arranged from bottom to top, in the order Kingdom (bottom-most), Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (top-most). The largest taxon thusoccupies the bottom-most position, and the smallest taxon, the top-most.

Answer: Option A. -> americana
:
A
A scientific name has two components - a generic name followed by a specific epithet (species name). In this case, Periplaneta is the generic name and americana is the specific epithet.