Answer: Option B. -> evaporation
:
B
Evaporation is a surface phenomenon. The particles of liquid in the wet clothes are always in motion and are loosely packed. They have less force of attraction with each other. These water particles get heated up because of the sun's hot rays, gains enough energy to overcome the force of attraction and gets converted into water vapour by the process of evaporation.

Answer: Option D. -> Liquids and gases
:
D
Fluids are the substances that flow easily and they do not have a fixed shape. Liquids and gases areconsidered as fluids.
They do not have a definite shape and they haveweak intermolecular force between their particles. Due to these properties liquids and gases can flow easily.

Answer: Option C. -> Iron
:
C
As we know, more the distance between the particles, lesser is the force of attraction between them. Nitrogen is a gas at room temperature. So, its particles have more space and less attraction between them than a solid.
Mercury is liquid at room temperature. So, its particles have comparatively more space and less attraction between them, than a solid.
Chalk piece can be easily broken because its particles have weaker force of attraction than that of iron.
Hence, the correct order of force of attraction is as follows:
Nitrogen < Mercury < Chalk < Iron

Answer: Option A. -> diffusion 
:
A
Diffusion is a process by which particles of matter intermix with each other, spontaneously. The fragrance from one corner of the room spreads throughout the room as the particles constituting the fragrance intermixes with the particles of air in the room.

Answer: Option A. -> Both [A] and [R] are true and [R] is the correct explanation of [A]
:
A
The pressure inside a container is due to the fact that the gas molecules which are always in motion hit and exertthe forceon the walls of the container. When the temperature is increased, the vibrational kinetic energy of molecules increases. This increases the pressure inside the container and the force exerted by the particles on the walls of the container.

Answer: Option B. -> False
:
B
Materials that dissolve in water are soluble materials.
For example, when sugar is added to water, the sugar particles occupy the space between the water particles.
So there is no rise in the volume of water in the beaker.

Answer: Option C. -> 1000 ml
:
C
The volume of any gas is equal to the volume of the container in which it is present. This is because gases try to occupy the maximum space that is available. So, when a gas of 500 ml is transported into a container of 1000 ml, it occupies the entire space that is available i.e., 1000ml.

Answer: Option B. -> Ice converts into water by absorbing heat.
:
B
Ice, being a solid, comprisesof very closely packed molecules which possess lesskinetic energy. To convert it into the liquid state, heat energy has to be supplied to overcome the forces of attraction between the particles. These particles absorb the heat energy, break the force of attractionand turn into liquid state.

Answer: Option D. -> 373 K
:
D
The temperature at which a liquid starts boiling is known as its boiling point.
The relation between Celsius (${}^o$C) and Kelvin (K) scale is as follows-
Kelvin = ${}^{\circ }C+273$
The boiling point of water in Celcius scale is ${100}^{\circ }C$.
So, the boiling point of water on Kelvin scale would be-
${100}^{\circ }C=273+100=373K$

Answer: Option A. -> True
:
A
Matter is made up of particles. As the distances between the particles increases, the substance becomes less dense and physical state changes.
Solids, liquids, and gases are three major physical states of matter. Following is the order of distance between particles of different states of matter.
Gases > Liquids > Solids.