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INTRODUCTION TO INDIAN ART PART - I MCQs
Total Questions : 20
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Answer: Option B. -> 1 and 2 only
:
B
Explanation:
The Sittanavasal paintings refer to the mural paintings,on the ceilings, verandas and on the brackets of the Jain caves in village Sittanavasal ,Tamil nadu.Thus they are mural paintings and not miniature.The paintings were patronised by the Pandya rulers and there are paintings of pandya kings and queen inside the cave.
The ceilings of the cave have a depiction of a lotus tank with natural looking images of men, animals, flowers, birds and fishes representing the Samavasarana faith of Jainism. These are fresco paintings and are considered to be some of the best frescoes of medieval India next to frescoes of Ajanta Caves and Bagh Caves.
:
B
Explanation:
The Sittanavasal paintings refer to the mural paintings,on the ceilings, verandas and on the brackets of the Jain caves in village Sittanavasal ,Tamil nadu.Thus they are mural paintings and not miniature.The paintings were patronised by the Pandya rulers and there are paintings of pandya kings and queen inside the cave.
The ceilings of the cave have a depiction of a lotus tank with natural looking images of men, animals, flowers, birds and fishes representing the Samavasarana faith of Jainism. These are fresco paintings and are considered to be some of the best frescoes of medieval India next to frescoes of Ajanta Caves and Bagh Caves.
Answer: Option B. -> Metal casting
:
B
Explanation:
The cire-perdue technique, also known as the 'lost-wax' technique, is a metal casting method. In India, the technique has been studied as long ago as the Indus Valley Civilization. The famous bronze dancer from Mohenjodaro is a representation of this technique. Later, many images of gods , goddesses affiliated with all religions, were created in different parts of the country through this method. This is a method of producing alloys of metals by combining copper , zinc and tin, called bronze,to produce objects.
:
B
Explanation:
The cire-perdue technique, also known as the 'lost-wax' technique, is a metal casting method. In India, the technique has been studied as long ago as the Indus Valley Civilization. The famous bronze dancer from Mohenjodaro is a representation of this technique. Later, many images of gods , goddesses affiliated with all religions, were created in different parts of the country through this method. This is a method of producing alloys of metals by combining copper , zinc and tin, called bronze,to produce objects.
Answer: Option D. -> 1, 3 and 4 only
:
D
Explanation:
Statement 1,3 and 4 is correct:
Bhimbetka-Bhimbetka In the Vindhya region, it is known for paintings from the Paleolithic to the Chalcolithic age. The caves of Bhimbetka were discovered in 1957–58 by the eminent archaeologist V.S. Wakankar. The themes of paintings found here are of great variety, ranging from the mundane events of daily life in those times to the sacred and royal images.
Piklihal-It is a site in Karnataka and has yielded prehistoric paintings mostly of Neolithic period.Besides it other sites in South India include Tekkalota in Karnataka and Kupgallu(Telangana).
Lakhudiyar-Lakhudiyar is located in Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand and is well known for its rich prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh cave. Here, paintings can be divided into three categories: man, animal and geometric patterns in white, black and red ochre. Humans are depicted in stick-like shapes.
Statement 2 is incorrect:
Baring Ajanta all the above sites have yielded prehistoric paintings.The site is known for fresco paintings and earliest paintings in Ajanta date from 2 nd century BC much later than the prehistoric age.
:
D
Explanation:
Statement 1,3 and 4 is correct:
Bhimbetka-Bhimbetka In the Vindhya region, it is known for paintings from the Paleolithic to the Chalcolithic age. The caves of Bhimbetka were discovered in 1957–58 by the eminent archaeologist V.S. Wakankar. The themes of paintings found here are of great variety, ranging from the mundane events of daily life in those times to the sacred and royal images.
Piklihal-It is a site in Karnataka and has yielded prehistoric paintings mostly of Neolithic period.Besides it other sites in South India include Tekkalota in Karnataka and Kupgallu(Telangana).
Lakhudiyar-Lakhudiyar is located in Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand and is well known for its rich prehistoric paintings. Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh cave. Here, paintings can be divided into three categories: man, animal and geometric patterns in white, black and red ochre. Humans are depicted in stick-like shapes.
Statement 2 is incorrect:
Baring Ajanta all the above sites have yielded prehistoric paintings.The site is known for fresco paintings and earliest paintings in Ajanta date from 2 nd century BC much later than the prehistoric age.
Answer: Option C. -> Mathura
:
C
Explanation:
The first century CE onward several schools of sculptural art developed in Gandhara,Mathura in northern India and Vengi in Andhra Pradesh. The sculptural tradition in Gandhara had the confluence of Bactria, Parthia and the local Gandhara tradition.Gandhara art has Hellenistic features.
The Buddha image at Mathura is modelled on the lines of earlier Yaksha images.Besides images of Buddha, Mathura also has images belonging to Jainism, Shaivism and vaishnavism,and those of Kings e.g.Headless statue of Kanishka.
In Amravati schools the sculptures are mostly narratives from Jatakas and figures are slender and bodies are shown with three bents(Tribhanga).
The Sarnath school developed in the fifth and sixth centuries CE;the traditional centre, Mathura, remained the main art production site whereas Sarnath and Kosambi also emerged as important centres of art production. Many Buddha images in Sarnath have plain transparent drapery covering both shoulders, and the halo around the head has very little ornamentation whereas the Mathura Buddha images continue to depict folds of the drapery in the Buddha images and the halo around the head is profusely decorated.
:
C
Explanation:
The first century CE onward several schools of sculptural art developed in Gandhara,Mathura in northern India and Vengi in Andhra Pradesh. The sculptural tradition in Gandhara had the confluence of Bactria, Parthia and the local Gandhara tradition.Gandhara art has Hellenistic features.
The Buddha image at Mathura is modelled on the lines of earlier Yaksha images.Besides images of Buddha, Mathura also has images belonging to Jainism, Shaivism and vaishnavism,and those of Kings e.g.Headless statue of Kanishka.
In Amravati schools the sculptures are mostly narratives from Jatakas and figures are slender and bodies are shown with three bents(Tribhanga).
The Sarnath school developed in the fifth and sixth centuries CE;the traditional centre, Mathura, remained the main art production site whereas Sarnath and Kosambi also emerged as important centres of art production. Many Buddha images in Sarnath have plain transparent drapery covering both shoulders, and the halo around the head has very little ornamentation whereas the Mathura Buddha images continue to depict folds of the drapery in the Buddha images and the halo around the head is profusely decorated.
Question 15. Q. With reference to the prehistoric rock paintings in India,consider the following statements.
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?
- The earliest rock paintings in India are from the Upper paleolithic period.
- The rock paintings are devoid of colours.
- The Mesolithic paintings are dominated by the hunting scenes.
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?
Answer: Option B. -> 1 and 3 only
:
B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The early paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic period have been reported in India. The first discovery of rock paintings was made in India in 1867–68 by archaeologist Archibold Carlyle. Traces of rock paintings have been found on the walls of caves in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka and Bihar.
Statement 2 is incorrect:Prehistoric painters used a number of colours. Bhimbetka 's paintings, in particular, show vivid paintings. Bhimbetka 's artists used many colours, including various shades of white, yellow , orange, red ochre, purple, brown, green and black. Yet white and red were their favorite colours.
Statement 3 is correct:Hunting scenes predominate the Mesolithic paintings. The hunting scenes depict people hunting in groups, armed with barbed spears, pointed sticks, arrows and bows.
:
B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The early paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic period have been reported in India. The first discovery of rock paintings was made in India in 1867–68 by archaeologist Archibold Carlyle. Traces of rock paintings have been found on the walls of caves in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh , Karnataka and Bihar.
Statement 2 is incorrect:Prehistoric painters used a number of colours. Bhimbetka 's paintings, in particular, show vivid paintings. Bhimbetka 's artists used many colours, including various shades of white, yellow , orange, red ochre, purple, brown, green and black. Yet white and red were their favorite colours.
Statement 3 is correct:Hunting scenes predominate the Mesolithic paintings. The hunting scenes depict people hunting in groups, armed with barbed spears, pointed sticks, arrows and bows.
Answer: Option D. -> 1, 2 , 3 and 4
:
D
Explanation:
All the above examples belong to the Mauryan period.(324 BC - 180 BC).
Yakshini at Didarganj:The worship of yakshas and mother -goddesses were prevalent in Mauryan times.The life-size standing image of a Yakshini holding a chauri (flywhisk) from Didarganj near modern Patna is another good example of the sculptural tradition of the Mauryan Period.
The Mauruan period also saw development of rock cut architecture and sculptures. One of these examples is the monumental rock-cut elephant at Dhauli in Orissa .It also has an Ashokan rock-edict.
Lomus Rishi cave:These are rock-cut caves carved at Barabar hills near Gaya in Bihar .a The cave was patronised by Ashoka for the Ajivika sect.
Sanchi stupa: The great stupa at Sanchi was built with bricks during the time of Ashoka and later it was covered with stone and many new additions were made.
:
D
Explanation:
All the above examples belong to the Mauryan period.(324 BC - 180 BC).
Yakshini at Didarganj:The worship of yakshas and mother -goddesses were prevalent in Mauryan times.The life-size standing image of a Yakshini holding a chauri (flywhisk) from Didarganj near modern Patna is another good example of the sculptural tradition of the Mauryan Period.
The Mauruan period also saw development of rock cut architecture and sculptures. One of these examples is the monumental rock-cut elephant at Dhauli in Orissa .It also has an Ashokan rock-edict.
Lomus Rishi cave:These are rock-cut caves carved at Barabar hills near Gaya in Bihar .a The cave was patronised by Ashoka for the Ajivika sect.
Sanchi stupa: The great stupa at Sanchi was built with bricks during the time of Ashoka and later it was covered with stone and many new additions were made.
Question 17. Q. With reference to the Sarnath pillar built by Ashoka, consider the following statements.
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?
- It is also called Lion capital.
- It was built to commemorate the historical event of the enlightenment of Budha.
- The animals depicted on the abacus of the pillar are a bull, a horse, an elephant and a lion.
Which of the statements given above is /are correct?
Answer: Option B. -> 1 and 3 only
:
B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct:
The Lion Capital, found more than a hundred years ago in Sarnath, near Varanasi, is commonly referred to as Sarnath Lion Capital.
Statement 2 is incorrect:
Lion capital was built in commemoration of the historic occurrence of the first sermon or Dharmachakrapravartana by the Buddha in Sarnath, the capital of Ashoka. The key events associated with Buddha's life, which were often portrayed, were events related to birth, renunciation, enlightenment, dharmachakrapravartana, and mahaparinibbana (death).
Statement 3 is correct:
The abacus of the capital is represented as a chakra (wheel) with twenty-four spokes in all four directions and a bull, a horse, an elephant and a lion in each chakra is finely carved.
:
B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct:
The Lion Capital, found more than a hundred years ago in Sarnath, near Varanasi, is commonly referred to as Sarnath Lion Capital.
Statement 2 is incorrect:
Lion capital was built in commemoration of the historic occurrence of the first sermon or Dharmachakrapravartana by the Buddha in Sarnath, the capital of Ashoka. The key events associated with Buddha's life, which were often portrayed, were events related to birth, renunciation, enlightenment, dharmachakrapravartana, and mahaparinibbana (death).
Statement 3 is correct:
The abacus of the capital is represented as a chakra (wheel) with twenty-four spokes in all four directions and a bull, a horse, an elephant and a lion in each chakra is finely carved.
Answer: Option C. -> 2 and 3 only
:
C
Explanation:
Udaygiri-Khandagiri caves in the vicinity of Bhubaneswar reflect the tradition of rock-cut caves in Odisha. Such caves are littered with inscriptions of the kings of Kharavela. According to the inscriptions, the caves were intended for the monks of Jain. Numerous single-cell excavations are taking place. Most of them were carved in large individual boulders, and provided the shape of the animals. The wide caves have a cave with a pillared porch with cells on the left. The upper part of the cells is decorated with a series of chaitya arches and legends that still exist in the folklore of the region.The figures in this cave are voluminous, move freely in the picture space, and are an excellent example of qualitative carving.
:
C
Explanation:
Udaygiri-Khandagiri caves in the vicinity of Bhubaneswar reflect the tradition of rock-cut caves in Odisha. Such caves are littered with inscriptions of the kings of Kharavela. According to the inscriptions, the caves were intended for the monks of Jain. Numerous single-cell excavations are taking place. Most of them were carved in large individual boulders, and provided the shape of the animals. The wide caves have a cave with a pillared porch with cells on the left. The upper part of the cells is decorated with a series of chaitya arches and legends that still exist in the folklore of the region.The figures in this cave are voluminous, move freely in the picture space, and are an excellent example of qualitative carving.
Answer: Option D. -> 1, 2, and 3
:
D
Explanation:
Taj Mahal was designed in Agra by Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his dead wife Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal was the apogee of medieval India's evolutionary architectural cycle. The Taj complex is reached through a majestic red sandstone gateway, the opening arch of which is perfectly framed by a mausoleum. The tomb is laid out in the Chahar Bagh, crossed by paths and watercourses, interspersed with pools and fountains.
The structure is situated at the northern extremity of the bagh instead of the middle to take advantage of the river bank. Marble was quarried from the Makrana mines in Rajasthan and this white building is contrasted with the red sandstone of the surrounding structures.
:
D
Explanation:
Taj Mahal was designed in Agra by Shah Jahan as a mausoleum for his dead wife Mumtaz Mahal. Taj Mahal was the apogee of medieval India's evolutionary architectural cycle. The Taj complex is reached through a majestic red sandstone gateway, the opening arch of which is perfectly framed by a mausoleum. The tomb is laid out in the Chahar Bagh, crossed by paths and watercourses, interspersed with pools and fountains.
The structure is situated at the northern extremity of the bagh instead of the middle to take advantage of the river bank. Marble was quarried from the Makrana mines in Rajasthan and this white building is contrasted with the red sandstone of the surrounding structures.
Answer: Option A. -> Buddhism
:
A
Explanation:
The stories of Jataka are synonymous with Buddhism. These tales represent the events of the Buddha's life. The tales of Jataka were portrayed on the railings and torans of the stupas. The pictorial tradition uses primarily synoptic narrative, continuous narrative and episodic narrative. Although the events of the Buddha's life have become a significant motif in all Buddhist temples, the stories of Jataka have also become equally important for sculptural decorations.
The major events associated with Buddha's life that were often portrayed were incidents related to birth, renunciation, enlightenment, dharmachakrapravartana, and mahaparinibbana (death). The Jataka stories that are commonly portrayed include Chhadanta Jataka, Vidur Pandita Jataka, Ruru Jataka, Sibi Jataka, Vessantara Jataka and Shama Jataka.
:
A
Explanation:
The stories of Jataka are synonymous with Buddhism. These tales represent the events of the Buddha's life. The tales of Jataka were portrayed on the railings and torans of the stupas. The pictorial tradition uses primarily synoptic narrative, continuous narrative and episodic narrative. Although the events of the Buddha's life have become a significant motif in all Buddhist temples, the stories of Jataka have also become equally important for sculptural decorations.
The major events associated with Buddha's life that were often portrayed were incidents related to birth, renunciation, enlightenment, dharmachakrapravartana, and mahaparinibbana (death). The Jataka stories that are commonly portrayed include Chhadanta Jataka, Vidur Pandita Jataka, Ruru Jataka, Sibi Jataka, Vessantara Jataka and Shama Jataka.
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