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Methods: 1 Mark each
Wastes can be decomposed and converted into organic manure by different processes. - composting, vermicomposting and landfills.
1. Compostinginvolves the conversion of biodegradable wastes into organic manure by burying them in compost pits. These wastes are decomposed by the action of bacteria and fungi. It is a slow, simple and cheap process. It causes no harm to the environment.
2. Vermicompostinginvolves degradation of organic matter into fertile manure by using a special type of earthworm called "red worm". The red worm is a type of earthworm that lives in the soil rich in organic matter. The nutrient-rich manure produced by the worm is called as vermicompost.
3.Landfillsare another method of managing biodegradable wastes. Landfills are large areas used for waste disposal. Garbage thrown into landfills decomposes very slowly and makes the soil loose. As the landfill becomes full, the garbage decomposes and mixes with the soil. This land can then be cleaned and converted into a park.

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Measures: 1 Mark each
There are some things we can do to reduce the harmful effects of plastic on the environment:
1. Reduce, reuse and recycle plastics.
2. Carry jute or cloth bags for shopping.
3. Do not store food items in plastic bags.
4. Do not burn plastic items.
5. Recycle plastics so that new plastic items can be made.

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Method of helping: 1 Mark each
Non-biodegradable wastes like plastics are harmful to our environment as well as our health. We can help the government in 'dealing with garbage' by
1. Utilizing the facilities provided like dustbins to dispose offthe household wastes and other wastes.
2. Try to reduceproduction of garbage.
3. If possible, use recyclable materials in daily life.
4. Try to avoid plastics.
5. Segregatinggarbage into biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials.

Answer: Option C. -> Landfill
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C

People throw garbage in their bins which is then collected in trucks. The collected garbage is then taken and dumped in a low lying open area called landfill.

Answer: Option A. -> Non-Biodegradable
:
A

Plastic is a non-biodegradable waste. It cannot be decomposed by microorganisms. This is one of the reasons why usage of plastics need to be avoided. Where possible, plastics need to be recycled.

Answer: Option B. -> Plastics
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B

Non-biodegradable wastes such as plastics, cloth, etc. are not converted into compost by red worms. Red worms can only convert organic material into compost.

Answer: Option A. -> True
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A

Burning plastic is not an eco-friendly waste disposal method. All kinds of plastics give out harmful gases when heated or burnt. These gases cause many health problems, including cancer.

Answer: Option D. -> All of the above.
:
D
Biodegradable materials are those which can be degraded by microbes. Paper, leaves and food can easily be converted into manure. So these are biodegradable.

Answer: Option A. -> False
:
A

Red worms cannot survive in very hot or very cold surroundings. Their skin is sensitive and can detect changes in surroundings quickly.

Answer: Option A. -> It attracts flies, insects and rats.
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A, B, and C

If garbage is not disposed off properly, it can turn into breeding grounds for microorganisms, flies, mosquitoes, etc. which may lead to causing several diseases.