7th Grade > Mathematics
CONGRUENCE OF TRIANGLES MCQs
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D
The criteria for congruence of triangles are SSS criterion, SAS criterion, ASA criterion and RHS criterion.
AAA is not a criterion for congruence as it does not ensure the equality of sides of the two triangles.
Note: AAA is a criterion for 'Similarity' of triangles.
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B and C
Two triangles(or any geometric figures) are congruent if they have same shape and equal measures (i.e., all corresponding sides and angles are equal). This is because two triangles are said to be congruent only if they coincide when superimposed which is possible only if all their corresponding angles and sides are equal.
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C
Since ΔABC≅ΔPQR,
corresponding sides of congruent triangles will be equal.
Hence, AB = PQ.
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Solution: 1 Mark
In the figure, the two triangles are congruent.
So, the corresponding congruent parts are:
∠A=∠O,∠R=∠W,∠T=∠N
Side AT = Side ON, Side AR = Side OW
∴ We can write, ΔRAT≅ΔWONÂ
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Naming: 1 Mark
Criterion: 1 Mark
Given, ΔABC and ΔPQR are congruent with,
∠B=∠Q=90∘
∠C=∠R
For ΔABC and ΔPQR to be congruent, the side in between the equal angles needs to be equal.
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯BC=¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯QR
⇒ΔABC and ΔPQR are congruent by ASA congruence rule.
Then one additional pair is BCÂ = QR.
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Steps: 1 Mark
Proof: 1 Mark
In ΔABD and ΔACD
AB=DC [Given]
BD=CA [Given]
AD=AD [Common]
⇒ΔABD≅ΔACD [SSS congruency criteria]
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Steps: 1 Mark
Proof: 1 Mark
In ΔADC and ΔABC
AD=AB Â [Given]
∠ADC=∠ABC=90o   [Given]
AC=CA Â [common]
Hence, ΔADC≅ΔABC  [By RHS congruence condition]
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Steps: 1 Mark
Proof: 1 Mark
It is given that,
∠MLN=∠FGH,
∠NML=∠HFG,
ML=FG.
⇒ The two angles and an included side of one triangle are equal to the corresponding angles and an included side of other triangles.
∴ΔLMN≅ΔGFH   [By ASA congruence criterion]
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Each proof: 1 Mark
In ΔAOB and ΔCOD
AB=CD [Given]
∠BAO=∠CDO [Alternate angles; as AB∥CD]
∠ABO=∠DCO [Alternate angles; as AB∥CD]
(i) ∴ΔAOB≅ΔDOC [A.S.A congruency criteria]
(ii) AO=DO [Corresponding sides of congruent triangles]
also, (iii) BO=CO [Corresponding sides of congruent triangles]
Â
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Each Proof: 1 Mark
Steps: 1 Marks
In ΔABC and ΔADC
AB=DC [Given]
BC=AD [Given]
AC=AC [Common side]
⇒ΔABC≅ΔADC [SSS congruency criteria]
∴∠B=∠D [Corresponding parts of congruent triangles]