Quantitative Aptitude
SURDS AND INDICES MCQs
Surds & Indices, Indices And Surds, Power
Let `2^x = 3^y = 6^-z = k` `hArr 2 =k ^(1/x) , 3 = k^(1/y) and 6 = K^-(1/z)`
Now 2 x 3 = `hArr k^(1/x) xx k^(1/y) = k^-(1/z) hArr k^(1/x+1/y) = k^-(1/z)`
`:.` `1/x + 1/y = - 1/z hArr 1/x + 1/y + 1/z = `o.
`a^x = b^y = c^z = k`. Then`, a = k^(1/x) , b = k^(1/y) and c = k^(1/z)`.
`:.` `b^2 = ac hArr (k^(1/y))^2 = k^(1/x) xx k^(1/z) hArr k^(2/y) = k ^(1/x + 1/z)`
`:.` `2/y = ((x + z))/(xz) hArr y/2 = (xz)/((x + z)) hArr y = (2xz)/((x + z))`
`5^(x + 3) = (25)^(3x - 4)` `hArr 5^(x + 3) = (5^2)^(3x - 4) hArr 5^(x + 3) = 5^(2(3x-4))`
`hArr 5^(x + 3) = 5^(6x - 8) hArr x + 3 = 6x - 8 hArr 5x = 11 hArr = 11/5`
`2^x xx 8^(1/5) = 2^(1/5) hArr 2^x xx (2^3)^(1/5) = 2^(1/5) hArr 2^x xx 2^(3/5) = 2^(1/5)`
`hArr 2^(x + 3/5) = 2^(1/5)`
`hArr x + 3/5 = 1/5 hArr x = (1/5 - 3/5) = -(2)/(5).`
`2^x = root3(32)` `hArr 2^x = (32)^(1/3) = (2^5)^(1/3)= 2^(5/3) hArr x = 5/3`.
`(9/4)^x.(8/27)^(x - 1) = 2/3` `hArr` ` 9^x/4^x xx 8^(x - 1)/(27)^(x - 1) = 2/3`
`hArr (3^2)^x/(2^2)^x xx((2^3)^(x - 1))/((3^3)^(x - 1)) = 2/3 hArr (3^(2x) xx 2^(3(x- 1)))/(2^(2x) xx 3^(3(x - 1))) = 2/3`
`hArr (2^((3x - 3 -2x)))/(3^((3x - 3 - 2x))) = 2/3 hArr (2^((x-3)))/(3^((x- 3))) = 2/3 hArr (2/3)^(x -3)`
=`(2/3)^1 hArr x - 3 = 1 hArr x = 4.`
= `3^(x - y) = 3^3 hArr x - y = 3`..........................(i)
= `3^(x + y) = 3^5 hArr x + y = 5` .........................(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii) , we get `x` = 4.
`sqrt(a^-1 b), sqrt(b^-1 c), sqrt(c^-1 a) ` =`(a^-1)^(1/2).b^(1/2).(b^-1)^(1/2). c^(1/2).(c^-1)^(1/2).a^(1/2)`
=`(a^-1 a)^(1/2).(b.b^-1)^(1/2).(c.c^-1)^(1/2)` = `(1)^(1/2).(1)^(1/2).(1)^(1/2)` = (1 x 1 x 1 ) = 1.
Given Exp. `(1)/(1 + a + b^-1) + (1)/(1 + b + c^-1) + (1)/(1 + c + a^-1)`
= `(1)/(1 + a + b^-1) + (b^-1)/(b^-1+1 + b^-1 c^-1) + (a)/(a + ac + 1)`
= `(1)/(1 + a + b^-1) + (b^-1)/(1 + b^-1 + a) + (a)/(a + b^-1 + 1)`
=`(1 + a + b^-1)/(1 + a + b^-1)` = 1.
[ `:.` abc = 1 `rArr` `(bc)^-1` = a `rArr` `b^-1 c^-1` = a and ac = `b^-1` ]
Given Exp. `[x^(a - b)]^(1/(ab))`.`[x^(b - c)]^(1/(bc))`. `[x^-(c - a)]^(1/((ca))`
=`x^(((a - b)) /(ab))`.`x^(((b - c))/(bc))`. `x^(((c - a))/(ca))`
= `x^{{((a - b))/(ab) + ((b - c))/(bc) + ((c - a))/(ca)}}`
=`x^((1/b -1/a) + (1/c - 1/b) + (1/a - 1/c))` = `x^0` = 1.