Answer: Option D. -> Sikandar Lodi

Answer: Option B. -> Firoz Tughlaq

Answer: Option B. -> Sayyid dynasty

Answer: Option D. -> Firoz Tughlaq

Answer: Option C. -> Firoz Tughlaq
During the reign of Firoz Tughlaq (1351-1388 CE), he implemented several policies and measures to provide employment opportunities to the unemployed. He introduced various schemes and programs to uplift the poor and provide them with livelihood opportunities. Some of the initiatives taken by Firoz Tughlaq are as follows:

1. Establishment of hospitals and dispensaries: Firoz Tughlaq built several hospitals and dispensaries to provide free medical treatment to the poor and the needy. He also employed doctors and physicians to take care of the sick and the ailing.
2. Land Grants: Firoz Tughlaq granted land to farmers and peasants to encourage agriculture and increase food production. He also provided them with loans and subsidies to help them buy seeds and other agricultural inputs.
3. Irrigation: Firoz Tughlaq commissioned several irrigation projects to improve the irrigation facilities in the region. This led to the development of new agricultural lands and increased productivity.
4. Public Works: Firoz Tughlaq also undertook several public works projects such as the construction of canals, roads, and bridges. These projects provided employment opportunities to the unemployed and helped in the overall development of the region.
5. Employment Guarantee: Firoz Tughlaq introduced an employment guarantee scheme for the poor and the unemployed. Under this scheme, the government provided employment to the unemployed for a certain period, and they were paid a fixed wage.

Thus, it can be concluded that Firoz Tughlaq provided employment opportunities to the unemployed through various schemes and initiatives. His policies and measures were aimed at improving the living conditions of the poor and the needy, and they helped in reducing poverty and unemployment in the region.

Answer: Option C. -> Alauddin Khilji
Ziauddin Barani was a 14th-century Muslim historian who served as a courtier and chronicler in the Delhi Sultanate. He wrote several books on the history of the Delhi Sultanate, including the "Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi," which covers the period from 1351 to 1388 CE.
The statement "When he attained kingship, he was quite independent of rules and orders of Shariat" refers to the policies and practices of Sultan Alauddin Khilji, who ruled the Delhi Sultanate from 1296 to 1316 CE. Alauddin Khilji was one of the most powerful and successful rulers of the Delhi Sultanate, and he is known for his military conquests, administrative reforms, and patronage of the arts and culture.
Barani makes this statement in the context of describing the reign of Alauddin Khilji, who is said to have disregarded the rules and orders of Islamic law or Shariat in order to consolidate his power and maintain his authority. Alauddin Khilji is believed to have acted independently of the Muslim clergy and religious scholars, and he is said to have pursued policies that were aimed at strengthening his own position and suppressing any opposition or dissent.
Some of the policies that Alauddin Khilji implemented during his reign, which were seen as being contrary to the principles of Islamic law, include:

• Imposing price controls on essential commodities in order to ensure that the common people had access to basic necessities.
• Introducing a system of espionage and surveillance to monitor the activities of his officials and potential rivals.
• Establishing a standing army of professional soldiers, who were paid regular salaries and were loyal to the state rather than to individual nobles or commanders.

Despite these policies, Alauddin Khilji is also remembered for his support of the arts and culture, and for his patronage of scholars and intellectuals. He is credited with establishing the first madrasa or Islamic seminary in Delhi, which became a center of learning and scholarship.

Answer: Option A. -> Chowdhary
During the Sultanate period, the highest rural authority for land revenue was the Chowdhary. The term Chowdhary was used to refer to the headman of a village or a village headman. The Chowdhary was responsible for collecting taxes and fees from the villagers and ensuring that they were paid to the ruling authorities. He was also responsible for maintaining law and order in the village and settling disputes between the villagers.

Below are some of the key points to keep in mind regarding the role of the Chowdhary during the Sultanate period:

• The Chowdhary was the highest rural authority for land revenue during the Sultanate period. He was appointed by the ruling authorities and was responsible for collecting taxes and fees from the villagers.

• He was also responsible for maintaining law and order in the village and settling disputes between the villagers.

• The Chowdhary was also responsible for ensuring that the taxes and fees collected from the villagers were paid to the ruling authorities.

• The Chowdhary was also responsible for managing the village's resources and for keeping records of the villagers and their lands.

• The Chowdhary was also responsible for implementing the policies of the ruling authorities in the village.

In conclusion, the Chowdhary was the highest rural authority for land revenue during the Sultanate period. He was responsible for collecting taxes and fees from the villagers, maintaining law and order in the village, settling disputes between the villagers, managing the village's resources, and keeping records of the villagers and their lands.

Answer: Option A. -> Qutubuddin Aibak

Answer: Option A. -> Ramchandra Dev

Answer: Option D. -> Qutubuddin Aibak