11th And 12th > Biology
EVOLUTION MCQs
Total Questions : 60
| Page 1 of 6 pages
Answer: Option D. ->
the study of fossils
:
D
Fossils are any preserved remains or impressions of organisms that lived in a past geological age. These could include the mineralised remains of plants or animals, remnants of bones or even footprints embedded in stratified rocks.
Palaeontology is the branch of science that deals with the study of such fossils.
Study of structure is morphology.
Study of bones is osteology. Though study of fossilised bones would be included under paleontology.
:
D
Fossils are any preserved remains or impressions of organisms that lived in a past geological age. These could include the mineralised remains of plants or animals, remnants of bones or even footprints embedded in stratified rocks.
Palaeontology is the branch of science that deals with the study of such fossils.
Study of structure is morphology.
Study of bones is osteology. Though study of fossilised bones would be included under paleontology.
Answer: Option B. ->
Water
:
B
Earth was formed approximately 4.5 billion years ago. As it cooled down, a primitive atmosphere was created by the outgassing of early volcanoes. The early atmosphere contained no oxygen and could not support most of the life forms. In addition to the molten lava flowing into the ocean, some of the chemicals viz., hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc. were supposedly washed down by the rains into the ocean where these chemicals got gradually converted to simple organic molecules that eventually joined together into complex organic molecules like DNA and RNA. These chemical reactions made the ocean a reservoir of chemicals. Hence, it was known as the “organic soup”. Progressively, self replication of simple nucleic acid molecules led to the origin of various simple life forms on Earth.
:
B
Earth was formed approximately 4.5 billion years ago. As it cooled down, a primitive atmosphere was created by the outgassing of early volcanoes. The early atmosphere contained no oxygen and could not support most of the life forms. In addition to the molten lava flowing into the ocean, some of the chemicals viz., hydrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrogen etc. were supposedly washed down by the rains into the ocean where these chemicals got gradually converted to simple organic molecules that eventually joined together into complex organic molecules like DNA and RNA. These chemical reactions made the ocean a reservoir of chemicals. Hence, it was known as the “organic soup”. Progressively, self replication of simple nucleic acid molecules led to the origin of various simple life forms on Earth.
Answer: Option B. ->
Spores
:
B and C
The theory of Panspermia was proposed by Richter (1865) and Helmholtz (1864). They suggested that life reached Earth from some cosmic body through meteorites. According to this theory, primitive forms of life like viruses or bacterial spores exist elsewhere and survive throughout the universe on projectiles like meteors, and contaminate the place where they are, with life. Such an impact on Earth could have resulted in the origin of life here too.
:
B and C
The theory of Panspermia was proposed by Richter (1865) and Helmholtz (1864). They suggested that life reached Earth from some cosmic body through meteorites. According to this theory, primitive forms of life like viruses or bacterial spores exist elsewhere and survive throughout the universe on projectiles like meteors, and contaminate the place where they are, with life. Such an impact on Earth could have resulted in the origin of life here too.
Answer: Option B. ->
Vermiform appendix
:
B and D
Atavism or reversion is the reappearance of a trait that was perhaps necessary at some point of time during the course of evolution, but have been gradually lost as it is no longer required. For instance, the horse generally exhibits a fused condition of its 3rd, 4th and 5th phalanges, which had been separate bones until a certain point of time during its evolution. If this separate condition reappears in the present day horse, it is considered to be a case of atavism. The vermiform appendix and human body hair are examples of vestigial organs.
:
B and D
Atavism or reversion is the reappearance of a trait that was perhaps necessary at some point of time during the course of evolution, but have been gradually lost as it is no longer required. For instance, the horse generally exhibits a fused condition of its 3rd, 4th and 5th phalanges, which had been separate bones until a certain point of time during its evolution. If this separate condition reappears in the present day horse, it is considered to be a case of atavism. The vermiform appendix and human body hair are examples of vestigial organs.
Answer: Option B. ->
Lamarck
:
B
The theory of use and disuse was proposed by Lamarck. He suggested that changes in traits or characters occur in organisms depending on whether an organ is used or disused continuously. Continuous use of an organ, according to Lamarck, would also result in inheritance of that organ by the next generation, while constant disuse of an organ would gradually result in degeneration of the organ over time.
:
B
The theory of use and disuse was proposed by Lamarck. He suggested that changes in traits or characters occur in organisms depending on whether an organ is used or disused continuously. Continuous use of an organ, according to Lamarck, would also result in inheritance of that organ by the next generation, while constant disuse of an organ would gradually result in degeneration of the organ over time.
Answer: Option B. ->
Lamarck
:
The second era in the Phanerozoic eon is the Mesozoic era. It is also called the golden age of reptiles, as it witnessed the emergence of a huge diversity of reptiles. This era is divided into three periods - Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. In the Jurassic period, giant reptiles like dinosaurs and toothed birds like Archeopteryx dominated Earth.
:
The second era in the Phanerozoic eon is the Mesozoic era. It is also called the golden age of reptiles, as it witnessed the emergence of a huge diversity of reptiles. This era is divided into three periods - Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous. In the Jurassic period, giant reptiles like dinosaurs and toothed birds like Archeopteryx dominated Earth.
Answer: Option A. ->
True
:
A
Hugo de Vries, a Dutch botanist, conducted his experiments on Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose) and explained the concept of mutation.
:
A
Hugo de Vries, a Dutch botanist, conducted his experiments on Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose) and explained the concept of mutation.
Answer: Option C. ->
Dryopithecus
:
C
Dryopithecus fossils were discovered in France and many others were found in European countries like Spain and Hungary. They were frugivores and quadrupedal primates which walked on their palms rather than their knuckles.
:
C
Dryopithecus fossils were discovered in France and many others were found in European countries like Spain and Hungary. They were frugivores and quadrupedal primates which walked on their palms rather than their knuckles.
Answer: Option A. ->
Two
:
A
Cenozoic era is the third era of the Phanerozoic eon. This era is further divided into two periods - Tertiary and Quaternary.
:
A
Cenozoic era is the third era of the Phanerozoic eon. This era is further divided into two periods - Tertiary and Quaternary.
Answer: Option D. ->
Homo erectus
:
D
:
D
Homo erectus which means erect/upright man, succeeded Homo habilis, and is supposed to have been the first hominid to have moved out of Africa into Asia. Although bipedalism evolved much earlier, Homo erectus was the first species to have actually walked upright. It was also the first species to have exhibited a shift towards the human traits and was called "the handy man" based on their ability to use hands. Ramapithecus was our ape-like ancestor and Homo sapiens include the present day humans with traits of bipedalism and increased cranial capacity.
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