Answer: Option C. -> Transistor
Answer: (c)
Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers. The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers until the late 1950s. The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable than their first-generation predecessors.
Though the transistor still generated a great deal of heat that subjected the computer to damage, it was a vast improvement over the vacuum tube. Second-generation computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output.
Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary machine language to symbolic, or assembly, languages, which allowed programmers to specify instructions in words. High-level programming languages were also being developed at this time, such as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.

Answer: Option E. -> laptops
Answer: (e)

Answer: Option D. -> Mainframe computer
Answer: (d)

Answer: Option B. -> an operating system
Answer: (b)
An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware and controls the execution of all kinds of programs.
An Operating System (OS) is an interface between a computer user and computer hardware. An operating system is software which performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, handling input and output, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

Answer: Option C. -> Scanner
Answer: (c)
A scanner, image scanner, or optical scanner is a hardware input device that optically "reads" an image and converts it to a digital signal. For example, a scanner may be used to convert a printed picture, drawing, or document (hard copy) to a digital file that can be edited on a computer

Answer: Option A. -> Direct Memory Access
Answer: (a)
Direct memory access (DMA) is a method that allows an input/output (I/O) device to send or receive data directly to or from the main memory, bypassing the CPU to speed up memory operations.

Answer: Option B. -> Non Preemptive Scheduling
Answer: (b)
The simplest scheduling algorithm is first in, first out (FIFO), also known as first come, first served (FCFS). A FIFO queue is simply a queue that is waiting for the incoming items. In a lack of prioritization, every process will eventually be completed

Answer: Option D. -> information
Answer: (d)
As a result, data processing refers to the act of converting raw data into usable information.
The data we enter is unprocessed, and the computer transforms it into valuable data.
Data manipulation by a computer is called data processing. It entails the translation of raw data into a machine-readable format, data flow via the CPU and memory to output devices, and output formatting or modification.
As a result, data processing refers to the act of converting raw data into usable information.
The data we enter is unprocessed, and the computer transforms it into valuable data.
Data manipulation by a computer is called data processing. It entails the translation of raw data into a machine-readable format, data flow via the CPU and memory to output devices, and output formatting or modification.

Answer: Option D. -> server
Answer: (d)
A server is a computer program or device that provides a service to another computer program and its user, also known as the client. In a data centre, the physical computer that a server program runs on is also frequently referred to as a server.

Answer: Option B. -> It is a command Interpreter
Answer: (b)