Answer: Option C. -> Lack of ADH
:
C

Diabetes insipidus is caused by low or no secretion of a hormone called vasopressin, which is also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland until needed.

Answer: Option B. -> Progesterone
:
B and C

Ovaries are primary female sex organs and secretes two steroid hormones, estrogen before ovulation and progesterone after ovulation. So, secretion of both these hormones will be affected if ovaries are removed from a female. Testosterone is the male sex hormone secreted by the leydig cells of testis. Both hormones are important in preparing the lining of the womb for pregnancy and the implantation of a fertilised egg, or embryo. Gonadotrophins LH and FSH that stimulate gonadal activity are secreted by the pituitary gland.

Answer: Option B. -> Intestine
:
B

Cholecystokinin and secretin are secreted by the intestine. CCK stimulates pancreas to release enzymes in pancreatic juice and stimulates the gallbladder to release bile. Secretin causes the release of viscous mucus from Brunner’s glands into intestinal juice.  It regulates the environment within the duodenum (esp. its pH) via secretions from the stomach and pancreas and helps regulate homeostatic control of water throughout the body.

Answer: Option A. -> i and ii
:
A

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone secreted by zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. The hormone mainly regulates glucose levels in the body. It is also used as an immunosuppressant in autoimmune diseases and organ transplants as it suppresses the immune system. It is used as an anti-inflammatory drug too, as it prevents inflammation.

Answer: Option C. -> Somatostatin
:
C

Delta cells (D cells) present in the Islet of Langerhans (pancreas), secrete the hormone somatostatin. Somatostatin inhibits the secretion of glucagon and insulin. Somatostatin is a growth inhibiting hormone secreted by hypothalamus.

Answer: Option D. -> Thyroid
:
D

Basal metabolism is the minimum amount of energy that the body uses in order to maintain vital processes. Thyroid is the largest endocrine gland which secretes three hormones thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin.Thyroxine and triiodothyronine control BMR of the body by regulating the rate of oxidation and production of energy. Calcitonin regulates the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the blood.

Answer: Option B. -> It secretes tropic hormones that act directly on the gonads. 
:
B
The hypothalamus is the basal part of diencephalon, forebrain and it regulates a wide spectrum of body functions. It contains several groups of neurosecretory cells
called nuclei which produce hormones.These hormones regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones. This control is exerted hormonally rather than by means of nerve axons, thus making the hypothalamus function as a endocrine gland. The hormones produced by hypothalamus are of two types, the releasing hormones (which stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones) and the inhibiting hormones (which inhibit secretions of pituitary hormones). The hypothalamus secretes gonadotrophins releasing hormone that stimualtes the anterior pituitary to release gonadotrophins which then regulate the activity of the gonads. The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland are themselves partially controlled by the very hormones whose secretion they stimulate! In most cases this is an in inhibitory control, where the target gland hormones inhibit the secretions of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. This type of control system is called negative feedback inhibition and acts to maintain relatively constant levels of the target cell hormone.

Answer: Option C. -> Fructose
:
C
Testis has sertoli cells and leydig cells which produce various hormones. Leydig cells produces androgens which include testosterone and androstenedione. These are further converted to estrodial and estrone by an enzyme – aromatase. Sertoli cells produce androgen binding protein and inhibin. Fructose is secreted by seminal vesicles which also secrete prostaglandins and ascorbic acid. Prostate does not secrete prostaglandins as was originally thought. Prostate chiefly secretes acid phosphatase and citrates.

Answer: Option D. -> A, B and C
:
D

Secondary messengers are low-weight diffusible molecules that are used to relay signals within a cell. They are synthesized or released by specific enzymatic reactions, usually as a result of an external signal that is received by a transmembrane receptor. cAMP, cGMP and Ca²⁺ act as secondary messengers and are located in the cytoplasm. The hormones ACTH, FSH, LH, PTH, glucagon, and calcitonin - all utilize the cAMP pathway

Answer: Option B. -> Pituitary
:
B
The pituitary is regarded as the “master” gland”. The hormones released by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland stimulate the secretion of hormones by other target endocrine glands, e.g., thyroid stimulating hormone of the pituitary stimulates the thyroid gland to release the thyroid hormones. The parathyroid glands release parathormone and the pineal gland secretes melatonin. The hypothalamus is sometimes called the "master switchboard" as it secretes certain hormones that in turn, stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones.