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11th And 12th > Biology

BIOTECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES MCQs

Total Questions : 45 | Page 1 of 5 pages
Question 1.


The bonds present in between two complementary bases in a DNA molecule is/are


  1.     Hydrogen bonds
  2.     Glycosidic bonds
  3.     Phosphodiester bonds
  4.     Ionic bonds
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option A. -> Hydrogen bonds
:
A
Hydrogen bonds are present in between complementary bases. This complementary base pairing holds the two antiparallel strands of DNA together. There are 3 hydrogen bonds between G and C while 2 are present in between A and T.
Question 2.


Which of the following restriction enzymes produce blunt ends in DNA?


  1.     BamHI
  2.     EcoRI
  3.     HaeIII
  4.     Alu I
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option C. -> HaeIII
:
C and D
EcoRI and BamHI cut their respective restriction sites to form sticky ends while HaeIII and AluI cut DNA strands to form blunt ends.
Question 3.


Match the following methods of cell disintegration with the tools they use.
Column IColumn IIi. Ultrasonicationp. treating cells with organic solvents, alkalis and detergents.ii.Enzymatic lysisq. passing cell through narrow tube.iii. High pressure homogenizationr. lysozyme treatment.iv. Chemical disruptions. sound.


  1.     i-r, ii-q, iii-p,iv-s
  2.     i-s, ii-r, iii-q, iv-p
  3.     i- q,ii-r,iii-s,iv-p
  4.     I-p,ii-q,iii-r,iv-s
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> i-s, ii-r, iii-q, iv-p
:
B
Cell disintegration is done using physical, chemical and enzymatic methods. Physical methods include ultrasonication and high pressure homogenization. Ultrasonication uses sound and high pressure homogenization uses high pressure where cells are passed through narrow tube with high pressure. In chemical methods, cells are treated with organic solvents, alkali or organic solvents. In enzymatic methods, enzymes like lysozyme are used to digest cell membranes and release intracellular product.
Question 4.


Assertion: Floatation is an efficient technique to separate cells during downstream processing.
Reason: Bubbling of air through fermentation mix makes the biomass float on the surface along with foam.


  1.     [A] is true and [R] is false.
  2.     [A] is false and [R] is true .
  3.     Both [A] and [R] are true and [R] is a correct explanation to [A].
  4.     Both [A] and [R] are true but [R] is not a correct explanation to [A].
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option C. -> Both [A] and [R] are true and [R] is a correct explanation to [A].
:
C
Floatation is a technique used for cell separation. In this process air bubbles are pumped through the fermentation mix. This creates foam and along with it cells also come to the surface and float. These floating cells are easy to separate. This process is easy to perform as it does not involve any addition of chemicals.
Question 5.


Separation of product from reaction mix is first step in product purification.


  1.     True
  2.     False
  3.     Both [A] and [R] are true and [R] is a correct explanation to [A].
  4.     Both [A] and [R] are true but [R] is not a correct explanation to [A].
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option A. -> True
:
A
Downstream processing involves separation of product and purification of the product. Separating the product from reaction mix itself brings about partial purification as it is separated from other impurities and therefore it can be considered as the first step in product purification.
Question 6.


The DNA polymerase needed for PCR is obtained from an organism called _______.


  1.     E.coli 
  2.     Thermus aquaticus 
  3.     Saccharomyces cerevisiae 
  4.     S. aureus  
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> Thermus aquaticus 
:
B
Thermus aquaticus is an archaebacteria that can survive in high temperatures. Due to this, their enzymes are capable of working in unusually high temperature and perfectly suitable for PCR since it employs temperatures as high as 96C. At this high temperature, most enzymes occurring in nature get denatured. Taq polymerase however has heat resistant capabilities.
Question 7.


Which of the following organisms is suitable to receive pBR322?


  1.     Fission Yeast
  2.     E. coli
  3.     Penicillium notatum
  4.     S. aureus
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> E. coli
:
B
The ori site of pBR322 has been take from ColE1 plasmid. Due to this, the ori site of pBR322 is compatible with the E.coli system. This also helps the plasmid to maintain a high copy number inside the cell.
Question 8.


Bioreactors have a maximum capacity of _________


  1.     1000 litres
  2.     10 litres
  3.     100 litres
  4.     1 million litres
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option A. -> 1000 litres
:
A
Bioreactors are used to produce a large number of the transgenic organism. The size and capacity of bioreactors can be different. However, 1000 litres is usually the maximum capacity of a bioreactor used in any biotechnology industry. Beyond that, it can be slightly complicated to control the growth and extraction of product.
Question 9.


A graduate student working on a project is attempting to isolate a gene from yeast. He identifies the restriction sites to cut the gene of interest out. But after several attempts, fails to do so. What could be the possible reason for the failure?


  1.     Yeast genome is too complex containing overlapping genes
  2.     Restriction enzyme used has recognition sites in the gene
  3.     The gene of interest is too big to isolate
  4.     The gene of interest in yeast is methylated
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> Restriction enzyme used has recognition sites in the gene
:
B
When you choose a restriction enzyme for isolating the gene of interest, you need to ensure that the enzyme should not have a restriction site in the middle of the gene. This way, the whole gene can be obtained and later used in further processes. In this case, the gene probably had a restriction site within its sequence for the restriction enzyme used. This resulted in fragmentation of the gene of interest.
Question 10.


The most commonly used selection marker is ampicillin resistance gene.


  1.     True
  2.     False
  3.     i- q,ii-r,iii-s,iv-p
  4.     I-p,ii-q,iii-r,iv-s
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option A. -> True
:
A
Ampicillin resistance gene is the most commonly used selection marker. When the plasmid containing this marker is transformed, it gives cells the ability to thrive in media containing ampicillin. The non-transformed cells die due to the presence of antibiotic.

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