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Question
Thallium shows different oxidation states because -
Options:
A .  It is a transition metal
B .  Of inert pair effect
C .  Of its amphoteric character
D .  Of its high reactivity
Answer: Option B
:
B
Inert pair effect is the phenomenon in which outer shell (ns2)electrons penetrate to
(n - 1) d electrons and thus becomes closer to nucleus and are more effectively pulled towards nucleus. This results in less availability of ns electrons for bonding. The inert pair effects begins when n =4 and increases with increasing value of n.

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