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Ortho-nitrophenol is steam volatile whereas para-nitrophenol is not. This is due to
1.Intramolecular hydrogen bonding present in ortho-nitrophenol
2.Intermolecular hydrogen bonding present in para-nitrophenol
3.Intramolecular hydrogen bonding present in para-nitrophenol
4.Inter-molecular hydrogen bonding present in ortho-nitrophenol.
Options:
A .  1&3
B .  1,3 &4
C .  1&2
D .  2 only
Answer: Option C
:
C
Para-nitro phenol has higher boiling point than ortho-nitrophenol due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding present in para-nitrophenol, which requires more energy to break these bonds during boiling. In o-nitrophenol, intramolecular hydrogen bonding is present to greater extent. Thus,o-nitrophenolis steam volatile due to low boiling point.

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