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Question
Hanny - Smith formula for calculating the percentage of ionic character is
Options:
A .  16(|xA−xB|)+3.5(xA−xB)2
B .  16(xA−xB)+3.5(xA−xB)2
C .  16(xA−xB)2−3.5(xA−xB)
D .  16(xA−xB)2+3.5(xA−xB)2
Answer: Option A
:
A
% ionic character = 16(|xAxB|)+3.5(xAxB)2
where 'xA ' is the electronegativity of one element and xB is the electronegativity of the other element.
The first expression includes a modulus because we are interested in thedifference in electronegativity.
Note: This gives the % ionic character. To calculate % covalentcharacter, we have to do 1 - (% ionic character).

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