Questions and answers for exam Preparation

MCQs

Total Questions : 100 | Page 8 of 10 pages

Question 71. Which of the following is untrue regarding the maximum parsimony method?

This method predicts the evolutionary tree
It minimizes the number of steps required to generate the observed variation in the sequences
The method is also sometimes referred to as the minimum evolution method
Only a pairwise sequence alignment is required to predict which sequence positions are likely to correspond

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Only a pairwise sequence alignment is required to predict which sequence positions are likely to correspond
Answer: (d).Only a pairwise sequence alignment is required to predict which sequence positions are likely to correspond

Question 72. PROTPARS counts the minimum number of mutations to change a codon for the first amino acid into a codon for the second amino acid, but only scores those mutations in the mutational path that actually change the amino acid.

True
False
May be True or False
Can't say

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> True
Answer: (a).True

Question 73. Which of the following is untrue regarding the programs for analysis of nucleic acid sequences?

DNAPARS treats gaps as a fifth nucleotide state
DNAPENNY performs parsimonious phylogenies by branch-and-bound search
DNAPENNY can analyze sequences up to 11 or 12
Compatibility criterion is not involved in DNACOMP

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Compatibility criterion is not involved in DNACOMP
Answer: (d).Compatibility criterion is not involved in DNACOMP

Question 74. Which of the following is untrue regarding the maximum parsimony method?

The analysis steps are continued for every position in the sequence alignment
This method is used for large numbers of sequences
Those trees that produce the smallest number of changes overall for all sequence positions are identified
This method is used for sequences that are quite similar

Discuss Question

Answer: Option B. -> This method is used for large numbers of sequences
Answer: (b).This method is used for large numbers of sequences

Question 75. Parsimony can give ________ information when rates of sequence change _______ in the different branches of a tree that are represented by the sequence data.

misleading, vary
useful, change
misleading, are constant
sometimes contradicting, are constant

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> misleading, vary
Answer: (a).misleading, vary

Question 76. Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods?

The sequence pairs that have the largest number of sequence changes between them are termed ‘neighbors’
On a tree, these sequences share a node or common ancestor position and are each joined to that node by a branch
It produces a phylogenetic tree of the group
It employs the number of changes between each pair in a group of sequences

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> The sequence pairs that have the largest number of sequence changes between them are termed ‘neighbors’
Answer: (a).The sequence pairs that have the largest number of sequence changes between them are termed ‘neighbors’

Question 77. Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP?

FITCH estimates a phylogenetic tree assuming additivity of branch lengths
FITCH uses the Fitch-Margoliash method
FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not
NEIGHBOR estimates phylogenies using the neighbor-joining or unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA)

Discuss Question

Answer: Option C. -> FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not
Answer: (c).FITCH assumes a molecular clock but KITSCH does not

Question 78. Which of the following is untrue regarding the neighbor-joining method?

It is very much like the Fitch-Margoliash method
It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method
It is especially suitable when the rate of evolution of the separate lineages under consideration varies
When the branch lengths of trees of known topology are allowed to vary in a manner that simulates varying levels of evolutionary change, it is the most reliable method

Discuss Question

Answer: Option B. -> It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method
Answer: (b).It is totally dissimilar than the Fitch-Margoliash method

Question 79. Neighbor-joining chooses the sequences that should be joined to give the best least squares estimates of the branch lengths that most closely reflect the actual distances between the sequences.

True
False
May be True or False
Can't say

Discuss Question

Answer: Option A. -> True
Answer: (a).True

Question 80. Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods?

The distance method was pioneered by Feng and Doolittle
A collection of programs by authors Feng and Doolittle will produce both an alignment and tree of a set of protein sequences
The program CLUSTALW uses the neighbor-joining distance method as a guide to multiple sequence alignments
Among the Programs of the PHYLIP package, DNADIST is not one of them

Discuss Question

Answer: Option D. -> Among the Programs of the PHYLIP package, DNADIST is not one of them
Answer: (d).Among the Programs of the PHYLIP package, DNADIST is not one of them