Answer: Option C. -> saprotrophic
:
C
Fungi secrete digestive juices on the dead and decaying matter and convert it into a solution. Then they absorb the nutrients from it. This mode of nutrition in which organisms take in nutrients in solution form from dead matter is called saprotrophic nutrition.

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1. Green plants prepare their own food by a process called photosynthesis.
2. Glucose is prepared by using raw materials like carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. As a byproduct oxygen is also produced.
3. The oxygen produced is released into the air which is consumed by other living beings for their survival.
Equation:

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Adaptations: 1 Mark each
Name of plants like cacti: 1 Mark
Any two:
1. Cacti have their leaves reduced to spines to prevent water loss.
2. By storing carbon dioxide during the night and closing their stomata in the morning, they also prevent water loss.
3. The fleshy succulent stems store water and food.
4. They have very efficient roots that go very deep into the soil to get enough water.
Plants like cacti are called xerophytes.

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Each point: 1 Mark
1. All organism require food to survive.
2. Organisms need food to produce energy for various metabolic and physiological activities.
3. It also provides nutrients for protection against diseases.

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Definition: 1 Mark
Opening mechanism: 1 Mark
Function: 1 Mark
Stomata are minute apertures found typically on the outer leaf skin layer, also known as the epidermis. Stomatalopening is guarded by two bean-shapedcells called
guard cells. When guard cells are turgid i.e. filled with water, the stomatal pore opens and when guard cells lose water and become flaccid, the stomatal pore closes.
Their mainfunctionis to allow diffusion ofgases such as carbon dioxide, water vapour, and oxygen.

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Classification: 1 Mark each
Based on their mode of nutrition, plants can be classified as either autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Autotrophs are plants which produce their own food from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water by performing photosynthesis. Examples: all green plants.
Heterotrophic plants are those that derive their nutrition from autotrophs or other organisms. Example:mistletoe.

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Each point: 1 Mark
(i) All green plants can prepare their own food – Correct.
(ii) Most animals are autotrophs – Incorrect because animals are heterotrophs as they are directly or indirectly dependent on plants for food.
(iii) Carbon dioxide is not required for photosynthesis – Incorrect because $C{O}_2$ is essential for photosynthesis.

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Definition: 1 Mark
Examples: 1 Mark
Heterotrophs are organisms which depend on other organisms or dead organic matter for their food sources.This type of nutrition is said to be the heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
Examples: Indian pipe, venus flytrap

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Definition: 1 Mark
Food: 1 Mark
Examples: 1 Mark
The organisms which obtain their nutrition from dead and decaying organic matter are called saprophytes. Fungi are examples of saprophytes.These organisms extend their mycelium and secrete enzymes to digest the decaying matter.They secrete digestive juices (enzymes) like cellulases, proteases, and lipases onto dead and decaying matter to digest it and then absorb nutrients from it.
Examples:mushroom, bread mold, etc.

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Definition: 1 Mark
Examples: 1 Mark
Plants whichconsume insects to meet their energy requirements are called insectivorous plants.
Examples: Nepenthes/pitcher plant and Venus fly trap.