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MODERN MATHS MCQs

Total Questions : 95 | Page 3 of 10 pages
Question 21. Two squares are chosen at random from the small squares drawn on a chessboard. What is the chance that the two squares chosen have exactly one corner in common?
  1.    0.052
  2.    0.042
  3.    0.048
  4.    0.075
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option C. -> 0.048
:
C
Option (c)
If the first square chosen is one of the 4 corner squares, the second square can be chosen in 1 way = 4 ×1. If the first square chosen is one of the squares on the sides (other than corners) = 24, the second square can be chosen in 2 ways = 24 × 2
If the first square is any of the middle squares = 36, the second square can be chosen in 4 ways = 36 × 4. Total number of ways = 4 + 48 + 144 = 196
Number of ways in which 2 random squares can be selected in a chess board = 64 × 63
Required probability = 196(64×63) = 0.048
Question 22. 4 out of 15 apples are rotten. They are taken out one by one at random and examined. The ones which are examined are not replaced. What is the probability that the 9th one examined is the last rotten one?
  1.    4C3×11C515C3 × 17C1
  2.    11C5×4C415C9
  3.    4C3×11C515C9
  4.    None of these
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option A. -> 4C3×11C515C3 × 17C1
:
A
Lets consider upto the 9thapple. The first 8 apples should have 3 rotten ones and remaining 5 good ones. This can be chosen in 4C3× 11C5 ways.
Total number of selections of 8 apples out of 15 apples is 15C8 .
The last apple is the only rotten one left, which can be selected in 1 way.
Total number of ways of selecting that 1 apple from remaining 15 – 8 = 7 apples = 7C1 ways
Total probability = 4C3×11C515C3×17C1
Question 23. If the XAT centre of 4 students can be any one of the 7 cities, then calculate the probability that all the 4 students get any one of exactly 2 centres.
  1.    349
  2.    649
  3.    748
  4.    1239
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> 649
:
B
Total number of ways in which centres can be allocated = 74. Two centres can be chosen in 7C2 ways. The number of ways they can accommodate 4 students = 24
But this includes the two cases where one centre is having all the four students. So, no. of ways = 24 – 2 = 14. So, total number of favourable ways = 7C2 × 14
So, probability = 7C2 × 1474 = 649.
Hence option (b)
Question 24. When two dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability that the sum of the two numbers that turn up is less or equal to 10?
  1.    56
  2.    1112
  3.    16
  4.    112
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> 1112
:
B
First find the probability of sum being greater than 10. Combination whose sum of 12 is (6, 6)
Combinations whose sum of 11 is (5, 6), (6, 5).
Therefore, there are totally 3 occurrences out of 36 occurrences that go against the given condition.
Probability whose sum of two numbers is greater than or equal to 11 = 336 = 112.
Hence probability whose sum of two numbers is lesser than 11 = 1 – 112=1112 .
Question 25. An experiment succeeds twice as often as it fails. What is the probability that in the next 5 trials there will be four successes? 
  1.    80232
  2.    1753
  3.    80213
  4.    80243
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option D. -> 80243
:
D
An experiment succeeds twice as often as it fails. So, the probability of success is 23and the probability of failure is 13.
In the next 5 trials, the experiment needs to succeed in 4 out of the 5 trials. 4 out of 5 trials can be selected in 5C4 = 5 ways.
So, required probability = 5 ×(23)4×(13)= 80243
Hence option (d)
Question 26. A Number is selected at random from first thirty natural numbers. What is the chance that it is a multiple of either 3 or 13?
  1.    1730
  2.    25
  3.    1130
  4.    415
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> 25
:
B
Total sample space is 30
The number of multiples of 3 are 10 and the number of multiples of 13 are 2, out of which none of them are common.
Hence, answer is 25
Question 27. 6 boys and 3 girls are randomly placed in a row. Determine the probability of no two girls being placed adjacently.
  1.    723
  2.    724
  3.    823
  4.    924
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> 724
:
B
The number of ways that no two girls are placed together is the number of ways in which 3 places marked with G are selected out of the SEVEN places.
___B___B___B___B____B____B____

This can be done in 7C3 ways.
Total no. of ways in which balls can be arranged = 10!(7!×3!) = 10C3. So, required probability = 7C310C3 = 724.
Hence option(b)
Question 28. A man speaks truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a six. Find the probability that it is actually a six.
  1.    23
  2.    34
  3.    18
  4.    27
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option C. -> 18
:
C
option (c)
For it to be an actual six two things are required to happen together.
1. He is speaking the truth. Let this be an event A.
2. The die shows 6. Let this be the event B.
We have: P(A) =34P(B) = 16
The probability that both events happen together = P(A) × P(B) =34×16=18.
Question 29. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability of getting an even number on both the dice is?
  1.    12
  2.    34
  3.    14
  4.    15
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option C. -> 14
:
C
Probability of getting an even number of the first dice and the second dice is= 36 × 36 = 14.
Question 30. What is the probability that a two digit number selected at random will be a multiple of '3' and not a multiple of '5'?
  1.    215
  2.    415
  3.    115
  4.    310
 Discuss Question
Answer: Option B. -> 415
:
B
Sample space is 90 numbers, of which , 903 = 30 are multiples of 3. 905= 18 are multiples of 5, of which every 1 out of 3 are multiples of both 3 and 5.
Probability that a two-digit number is a multiple of 3 and not a multiple of 5 = 30-6 = 2490= 415

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