Answer: Option C. -> 1 only
:
C
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: Horse Latitudes or Subtropical High are subtropical latitudes between 30 and 35 degrees both north and south of the equator. The horse latitudes are subtropical regions known for calm winds and little precipitation.
Statement 2 and 3 are incorrect: Horse Latitudes are characterised by cloudy skies and regions of descending air current. This is the region of descending air current and is marked by some cyclonic activities. It is common in this region of the subtropics for winds to diverge and either flow toward the poles (known as the prevailing westerlies) or toward the equator (known as the trade winds). These diverging winds are the result of an area of high pressure which is characterized by sunny skies and little or no precipitation.

Answer: Option C. -> 1 and 3 only
:
C
Explanation:
Cloud is a mass of minute water droplets or tiny crystals of ice formed by the condensation of the water vapour in free air at considerable elevations
Statement 1 is correct: Cirrus clouds are formed at high altitudes (8,000 - 12,000m). They are thin and detached clouds having a feathery appearance. They are always white in colour.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Cumulus clouds look like cotton wool. They are generally formed at a height of 4,000 - 7,000 m. They exist in patches and can be seen scattered here and there. They have a flat base and cannot be circular in shape.
Statement 3 is correct: Nimbus clouds are black or dark grey. They form at middle levels or very near to the surface. Sometimes, the clouds are so low that they seem to touch the ground. Nimbus clouds are shapeless masses of thick vapour.

Answer: Option B. -> 1 and 3 only
:
B
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct All tropical cyclones are formed in areas of low atmospheric pressure in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Statement 2 is incorrect The pressures recorded at the centres of tropical cyclones are among the lowest that occur on Earth’s surface at sea level.
Statement 3 is correct Tropical cyclones are driven by the release of large amounts of latent heat of condensation, which occurs when moist air is carried upwards and its water vapour condenses. This heat is distributed vertically around the centre of the storm. Thus, at any given altitude, the environment inside the cyclone is warmer than its outer surroundings.

Answer: Option B. -> 1 and 3 only 
:
B
Explanation:
The mid-latitude desert is found in inner Asia with great expanses in northern(Gobi desert) and north-western China(Takla Makan desert), Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
Statement 1 and 3 are correct:
The Mid-Latitude desert climate is controlled by the factors such as

• Influence of high pressure


• Interior Position


• Rain Shadow location


• The off-shore trade wind is a controlling factor in case of hot desert-like Sahara.

Statement 2 is incorrect: If there is an on-shore trade wind it will bring moisture with it from the ocean leading to rainfall in the lands. Thus there may not be a desert itself.