Stating yes or no: 1 Mark
Reasoning out: 1 Mark
Yes, there is a need for diversity of animals and plants in a forest.
This is so because each of them contributes uniquely towards the maintenance of the ecosystem of the forest. Plans and animals help forests in their regeneration and growth. For example, Herbivores are needed to eat green plants and they become food for the carnivores. Carnivores are needed to eat herbivores and in turn, check their population. Decomposers are needed to maintain the supply of nutrients to the soil for the growth of plants.
 

Identification: 1 Mark
Correct food chain and explanation: 2 Marks
 

The food chain is incorrect.
The correct food chain will be: Grains→Rats→Snakes→Eagle.
Rats feed on grains, while rats are consumed by snakes which in turn are eaten by eagles.

Each point: 1 Mark
Any three:
1. Destruction of homeland - due to deforestation the habitats of innumerable species are destroyed.
2. Lot of different species would become extinct without their habitat, and this in turn affects the food chain.
3. It increases the risk of soil erosion drastically.
4. It results in less amount of rainfall, leading to droughts.
5. It causes an increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air.

Products: 3 Marks

We obtain a lot of products from trees, including:
1. Latex, gum, and resins.
2. Paper.
3. Wood.
4. Fruits and vegetables.
5. Medicinal products. 
6. Lac products from lac insects that live on trees.

Each point: 1 Mark
1) Forests provide us with oxygen.

• A single mature, leafy tree is estimated to produce a day's supply of oxygen for 5 to 10 people on an average.

2) They provide habitat to a large number of plants, animals and humans.

• They provide almost 80% of biodiversity on land.


• Almost 2 billion people rely on forests.

3) Forests help in bringing good rainfall in neighboring areas.
4) They are good sources of medicinal plants, timber and many other useful products.
5) They prevent soil erosion, regulate the flow of rivers and reduce the frequency and intensity of floods.

• Tree roots are very helpful during heavy rainfall, especially for low-lying areas like river plains. They help the ground absorb the flash flood, reducing soil loss and property damage by slowing the flow. 

Each correct match: 1 Mark
The correct match would be (a) (iii); (b) (v); (c) (iv); (d) (i); (e) (ii)
a) Decomposers are usually microorganisms that feed on dead and decaying matter.
b) Canopy is usually made of branches of tall trees.
c) Porcupine is a wild animal.
d) Humus consists of dead plants and animal tissues.
e) Forest serves as a habitat for wildlife.
 

Each part: 1.5 Marks
a) Gum, oils, spices.
b) Owl,Hawk,Humming bird.