Answer: Option D. -> less than the present
Answer: (d)
If there is no carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere, the temperature of the earth’s surface would be less than the present because carbon emission in the atmosphere is one of the major causes of global warming.

Answer: Option A. -> Stratosphere
Answer: (a)
Solar ultraviolet radiation undergoes absorption and scattering as it passes through the stratospheric layer of the earth’s atmosphere.
The ozone layer, a region of Earth’s stratosphere, absorbs 97-99% of the Sun’s ultraviolet (UV) radiation. As a result, no UV radiation at wavelengths shorter than 290 nm reaches the surface of the earth.

Answer: Option B. -> East to West
Answer: (b)
Bay of Bengal is the largest bay in the world. It finds a triangle in a shape and its bordered mostly by the eastern coast of India,
Southern west of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the east.

Answer: Option C. -> Tropical airmasses
Answer: (c)
Maritime tropical (mT) air masses affecting North America most often originate over the warm water of the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, or the adjacent western Atlantic Ocean.
As expected, mT air masses are warm to hot, and they are humid. During winter, when cP air dominates the central and eastern United States, mT air only occasionally enters this part of the country.
However, during the summer, mT air masses from the Gulf, Caribbean, and adjacent Atlantic are more common and cover a much wider area of the continent.

Answer: Option C. -> d
Answer: (c)

Answer: Option A. -> Cold fronts normally move faster than warm fronts and therefore frequently overtake the warm fronts.
Answer: (a)Heavier and denser cold air (cold fronts) pushes the warmer lighter air (warm fronts) causing precipitation and showering.

Answer: Option A. -> Ionosphere
Answer: (a)
Atmospheric layer which reflects radio waves is called Ionosphere. The ionosphere is a region of the upper atmosphere, from about 85 km (53 mi) to 600 km (370 mi) altitude, and includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. It is distinguished because it is ionized by solar radiation.
It plays an important part in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on the Earth.

Answer: Option B. -> When condensation takes place below 0°C and precipitation occurs in the form of flakes.
Answer: (b)

Answer: Option D. -> Equator
Answer: (d)A geostationary satellite is an earth-orbiting satellite. It is placed at an altitude of approximately 35,800 kilo metres directly over the equator that revolves in the same direction the earth rotates (west to east).]

Answer: Option D. -> Both1 and 2
Answer: (d)
Cyclone is a mass of air whose isobars form an oval or circular shape, with low pressure at the centre.
The air converges at the centre and rises to disposed of. In a depression, the winds rotate anticlockwise in the Northern hemisphere. While in the Southern hemisphere, the circular movement of winds is in a clockwise direction.