Each part: 1 Mark
Bases turn red litmus blue, while acids turn blue litmus red.

a) Since calcium hydroxide is a base, the red litmus will turn blue.

b) No color change will take place as sodium chloride is a neutral salt.

c) Since lemon juice contains citric acid, the blue litmus paper will become red.

d) No color change will take place as distilled water is neutral by nature.

e) Turmeric powder is yellow in color and it turns pink when treated with a basic solution. Hence here the turmeric will turn pink as sodium hydroxide is a base.