Directions: In making decisions about important questions, it is desirable to be able to distinguish between 'strong' arguments and 'weak' arguments. 'Strong' arguments are those which are both important and directly related to the question. 'Weak' arguments are those which are of minor importance and also may not be directly related to the question or may be related to a trivial aspect of the question. Each question below is followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument? Give answer (a) if only Argument I is strong (b) if only Argument II is strong (c) if either I or II is strong (d) if neither I nor II is strong (e) if both I and II are strong.

• Statement:


• Should the examination bodies for all university examinations permit the use of calculators?


• Argument :


• I. No, it is necessary for the students to know the methods of manual calculation to make their concepts clear.


• II. Yes, manual calculations are no more required with extensive use of computers in all fields.