Answer: Option A. -> Red Soil
:
A
Explanation:
The texture of Red Soils can vary from sand to clay, the majority being loans. On the uplands, the red soils are poor, gravelly, and porous. But in the lower areas they are rich, deep dark and fertile.
Red Soil is rich in potash but can be poor in nitrogen, phosphates, magnesia, lime, and humus. Iron oxide, present in the clay or parent rock material, is responsible for the red colouration of the soil. These soils mostly occur in the regions of low rainfall. They occupy about 3.5 lakh sq km (10.6 per cent) of the total area of the country. These soils are spread on almost the whole of Tamil Nadu.

Answer: Option A. -> 1 only
:
A
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: Most parts of the country get rainfall during June-September, but in the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, it rains in the beginning of the winter season.
The Ganga delta and the coastal plains of Orissa are hit by strong rain-bearing storms almost every third or fifth day in July and August while the Coromandel coast, a thousand km to the south, goes generally dry during these months.
Statement 2 is correct: Monsoon connotes the climate associated with seasonal reversal in the direction of winds. India has hot monsoonal climate which is the prevalent climate in south and southeast Asia.The climate of India has many regional variations expressed in the pattern of winds, temperature and rainfall, rhythm of seasons and the degree of wetness or dryness.

Answer: Option D. -> 1, 2 and 3
:
D
Explanation:
Statement 1, 2 and 3 are correct. Tropical thorn forests occur in the areas which receive rainfall less than 50 cm. These consist of a variety of grasses and shrubs.
It includes semi-arid areas of south west Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. In these forests, plants remain leafless for most part of the year and give an expression of scrub vegetation. Important species found are babool, ber, and wild date palm, khair, neem, khejri, palas, etc.

Answer: Option D. -> Patkai hills, the Manipur hills, the Mizo hills
:
D
Explanation:
Passing from Arunachal Pradesh, there is an eastward extension of the Himalayas in the north- eastern region of India. This is known as Purvanchal Hills. Purvanchal Hills comprises the Patkai hills, the Manipur hills, Bairal range, the Mizo hills and the Naga hills. It is a densely forested area, mainly composed of strong sandstones.
Note: The Eastern Himalayas occupy Arunachal Pradesh and Bhutan. The important hills in this region are Aka Hills, Dafla Hills, Miri Hills, Mishmi Hills, Namcha Barwa. The Dihang and Debang passes of Arunachal Pradesh are its parts.

Answer: Option C. -> 1 and 4 only
:
C
Explanation:
Pair 1 is correctly matched: The Godavari is India's second longest river after the Ganga. Its source is in Trimbakeshwar, Maharashtra. It flows east for 1,465 kilometres, draining the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, ultimately emptying into the Bay of Bengal through its extensive network of tributaries.
Pair 2 is incorrectly matched: The Krishna River has its origin at Mahabaleshwar in the vicinity of Jor village in the state of Maharashtra. The river ultimately pours into the Bay of Bengal at Hamsaladeevi in Andhra Pradesh, on the eastern shorelines of India.
Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Kaveri, is a river flowing through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The Kaveri river rises at Talakaveri on the Brahmagiri range in the Western Ghats.
Pair 4 is correctly matched: Luni is the largest river in the Thar desert in north-west India. It originates in the Pushkar valley of the Aravalli Range, near Ajmer. It passes through the southeastern portion of the Thar Desert, and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kutch in Gujarat.

Answer: Option A. -> Andaman and Nicobar
:
A
Explanation:
The Ten Degree Channel is a channel that separates the Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands from each other in the Bay of Bengal. The two sets of islands together form the Indian Union Territory (UT) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Answer: Option B. -> Kashmir Himalayas
:
B
Explanation:
The Kashmir Himalayas are also famous for Karewa formations, which are useful for the cultivation of Zafran, a local variety of saffron. The word Karewa means an elevated table-land in local dialect. These sediments occur at terraces, plateaus and mounds and rest over the Paleozoic-Mesozoic sediments of the Kashmir basin.

Answer: Option A. -> 1 only
:
A
Explanation:
Statement 1 is correct: The general orientation of these ranges is from northwest to the southeast direction in the northwestern part of India. Himalayas in the Darjeeling and Sikkim regions lie in an east-west direction, while in Arunachal Pradesh they are from southwest to the northwest direction.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Himalayas in the Darjeeling and Sikkim regions lie in an east west direction. It is In Nagaland, Manipur and Mizoram, they are in the north-south direction. This north-south direction is due to a sudden southward bend of Himalayas due to syntaxial bend at Namcha Barwa.

Answer: Option A. -> 3 only
:
A
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in India after Rajasthan in terms of area. It shares boundaries with Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Maharashtra.
Statement 2 is incorrect: Among states Bihar has the highest density with 1106 persons per square kilometer. The Union Territory of Delhi has 11320 persons per square kilometer.
Statement 3 is correct: Goa shares boundaries with Maharashtra and Karnataka only.

Answer: Option A. -> Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas
:
A
Explanation:
Sikkim and Darjeeling Himalayas have physical conditions such as moderate slope, thick soil cover with high organic content, well distributed rainfall throughout the year and mild winters makes it very much suitable for tea plantations. The British, taking advantage of such physical conditions, introduced tea plantations in these ranges.