MCQs
By euler's formula the relation between vertices(n), edges(q) and regions(r) is given by n-q+r=2.
In case of addition or subtraction the shortest path may change because the number of edges between different paths may be different, while in case of multiplication path wont change.
For a Hamiltonian path to exist all the vertices must be connected with a path, had that happened there would have been a unique topological sort.
To check if there is an edge between to vertices i and j, it is enough to see if the value of A[i][j] is 1 or 0, here A is the adjacency matrix.
Out of n*n possible values for a simple graph the diagonal values will always be zero.
Every column of the incidence matrix may contain only +1 and -1 as non zero entries rank would be less than n.
For each check of a word of length S1, we need to follow at most S1 edges.
Only the first and the last vertex would have degree 1, others would be of degree 2.
MultiGraphs and PseudoGraphs may have infinite number of edges, while 4 possible simple graphs exist.