Answer: Option A. -> i and ii
:
A
Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone secreted by zona fasciculata of theadrenal cortex. The hormone mainly regulates glucose levels in the body. It is also used as an immunosuppressant in autoimmune diseases and organ transplants as it suppresses theimmune system. It is used as ananti-inflammatory drug too, as it prevents inflammation.

Answer: Option C. -> Lack of ADH
:
C
Diabetes insipidus is causedby low or no secretion of a hormone called vasopressin, which is also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ADH is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland until needed.

Answer: Option C. -> Fructose
:
C
Testis has sertoli cells and leydig cells which produce various hormones. Leydig cells produces androgens which include testosterone and androstenedione. These are further converted to estrodial and estrone by an enzyme – aromatase. Sertoli cells produce androgen binding protein and inhibin. Fructose is secreted by seminal vesicles which also secrete prostaglandins and ascorbic acid. Prostate does not secrete prostaglandins as was originally thought. Prostate chiefly secretes acid phosphatase and citrates.

Answer: Option B. -> It secretes tropic hormones that act directly on the gonads. 
:
B
The hypothalamus is the basal part of diencephalon, forebrain and it regulates a wide spectrum of body functions. It contains several groups of neurosecretory cells
called nuclei which produce hormones.These hormones regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.This control is exerted hormonally rather than by means of nerve axons, thus making the hypothalamus function as a endocrine gland.The hormones produced by hypothalamus are of two types, the releasing hormones (which stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones) and the inhibiting hormones (which inhibit secretions of pituitary hormones). The hypothalamus secretes gonadotrophins releasing hormone that stimualtes the anterior pituitary to release gonadotrophins which then regulate the activity of the gonads.The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland are themselves partially controlled by the very hormones whose secretion they stimulate! In most cases this is an ininhibitory control, where the target gland hormones inhibit the secretions of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. This type of control system is called negative feedback inhibition and acts to maintain relatively constant levels of the target cell hormone.

Answer: Option C. -> Parathormone  – Tetany
:
C
Parathormone is a peptide hormone secreted by parathyroid glands. Hyposecretion of parathormone lowers concentration of calcium ions in the blood. Thiscauses cramping and twitching of the mucles or tetany (involuntary muscle contraction).

Answer: Option A. -> Mineralocorticoids
:
A
The adrenal cortex can be divided into three layers, called zona reticularis (inner layer), zona fasciculata (middle layer) and zona glomerulosa (outer layer). The zona glomerulosa secretes mineralocorticoids. Zona glomerulosa makes up only 15 % of the entire adrenal cortex, yet it is the primary producer of aldosterone (the principal mineralocorticoid).

Answer: Option A. -> a - iii, b - i, c - iv, d - ii
:
A
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease in which antibodies similar to TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) stimulate excess production of thyroid hormone. The symptoms are exophthalmos, palpitations, jittery hands and inability to sleep.
Cretinism is a disease in which the thyroid hormone is secreted in lesser than normal amounts. The disease is commonly associated with maternal hypothyroidism, and the symptoms include protruding tongue, bloated abdomen, bradycardia, and hypotension.
Hypothyroidism is less secretion of the thyroid hormone.Symptoms are sluggishness, fogginess, fatigue, impaired memory, and in general, mental lethargy.
Hyperthyroidism is excess secretion of the thyroid hormone. Symptoms are increased Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), hyperexcitability, enlarged bones.

Answer: Option C. -> Endocrine system has fast and long lasting effect on the body
:
C
Endocrine glands are specific glands located away from the targeted organ or cell and communicate through hormones.The nervous and the endocrine systems are devoted exclusively to the regulation of the body organs.The endocrine regulation is slow and long lasting as it functions by means of chemicals called hormones.

Answer: Option C. -> Hypothalamic releasing hormones are synthesized and secreted by neurons
:
C
The hypothalamus is made up of several neurosecretory cells arranged in the form of nuclei which produces different hormones. The hormones produced by hypothalamus are of two types, the releasing hormones (which stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones) and the inhibiting hormones (which inhibit secretions of pituitary hormones). For example, a hypothalamic hormone called gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the pituitary synthesis and release of gonadotropins. On the other hand, somatostatin from the hypothalamus inhibits the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. These hormones originating in the
hypothalamic neurons, pass through axons and are released from their nerve endings. These hormones reach the pituitary gland through a portal circulatory system and regulate the functions of the anterior pituitary. The posterior pituitary is under the direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus.

Answer: Option B. ->  Body cells take up more glucose. 
:
B
When a person eats carbohydrates, the blood glucose concentration rises. This stimulates the secretion of insulin by β cells and inhibits the secretion of glucagon by the α cells. Insulin promotes the cellular uptake of glucose into liver and muscle cells, where it is stored as glycogen, and into adipose cells, where it is stored as fat.