Answer: Option D
Answer: (d)
Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect competition such that many producers sell products that are differentiated from one another as goods but not perfect substitutes (such as from branding, quality, or location).
In monopolistic competition, a firm takes the prices charged by its rivals as given and ignores the impact of its own prices on the prices of other firms. In a monopolistically competitive market, firms can behave like monopolies in the short run, including by using market power to generate profit.
In the long run, however, other firms enter the market and the benefits of differentiation decrease with the competition; the market becomes more like a perfectly competitive one where firms cannot gain economic profit.