During the Second World War, about 375,000 civilians died in the United States a

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During the Second World War, about 375,000 civilians died in the United States and about 408,000 members of the United States armed forces died overseas. On the basis the those figures, it can be concluded that it was not much more dangerous to be overseas in the armed forces during the Second World War than it was to stay at home as a civilian.
Which of the following would reveal most clearly the absurdity of the conclusion drawn above?

Options:

A . Counting deaths among members of the armed forces who served in the United State in addition to deaths among members of the armed forces serving overseas

B . Expressing the difference between the numbers of deaths among civilians and members of the armed forces as a percentage of the total number of deaths

C . Separating deaths caused by accidents during service in the armed forces from deaths caused by combat injuries

D . Comparing death rates per thousand members of each group rather than comparing total numbers of deaths

E . the inventor of a commonly used anesthetic did not intend the product to be used by dentists, who currently account for almost the entire market for that drug.

Answer: Option D
:
D
Concluding from the similar numbers of deaths in two groups that the relative danger of death was similar for both groups is absurd if, as here, one group was far smaller. D exposes this absurdity by pointing out the need to compare death rates of the two groups, which would reveal the higher death rate for the smaller group.
Therefore, D is the best answer. Since the conclusion acknowledges the difference between the number of civilian and armed forces deaths, expressing this difference as a percentage, as suggested by B, is beside the point.
A is inappropriate because it simply adds a third group to the two being compared. Because cause of death in not at issue, C is irrelevant.

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