Answer: Option B. -> Those guests taking advantage of the "Frequent Special” discount were more likely to bring their families with them than were those guests who were playing full price.
:
B
Here's the discrepancy we're asked to resolve. How can it be that most winter guests availed themselves of discounted pricing, yet the lodge nevertheless rented more rooms at full price? Clearly it's a numerical mystery, which will require a numerical solution. (b) provides such an answer: if the discounted folks were comprised mainly of families, packing in more guests per room, while the full-priced guests tended to come solo with fewer guests per room, then it's easier to explain how there could be lots of discounted guests wandering around the hotel but more rooms rented as full price. (b) Wins.

Answer: Option C. -> It originally seemed they would 
:
C
The tricky part is to choose between it and they. 'They' would imply that the travelers themselves first seemed to do one thing and then ended up doing another. The expletive 'it'(indefinite pronoun), the pronoun with no clear antedecent - makes more sense, it simply suggests that initial cost indications were misleading. Using 'it', it is necessary to include the phrase 'they would' to make it clear what seemed to be the case.
Furthermore, the "past future" of would in C is more precise than the simple past in D. Since we're talking about something we'd learn after a certain point in the past, would is better.

Answer: Option D. -> In the first period of religious reformism, Islamic political militancy was manifested in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and in
:
D
D, the best choice, uses parallel phrases for the two major coordinate members (in the rise of... and in the victory of ...) and also for the series listed in the first of these (s in t, u in v, w in x, and y in z). D's placement of the In... reformismphrase at the beginning of the sentence is direct and efficient. Choices A, B and C omit and before the Mahdi, the last element in the first series; thus, they incorrectly merge the second major member (the victory of) into the series listed under the first member (the rise of). Furthermore, in B and C the in...reformismphrase has been awkwardly set between the subject and verb of the sentence.

Answer: Option C. -> Examination of dream-thoughts and dream-content and the course of the latter's development from the former.
:
C
The author describes the new problem as involving a study of the relations between latent dreams and manifest dreams and also the course of latent dreams evolution from manifest dreams (Ref 2nd paragraph).

Answer: Option C. -> So we have developed the ENP to build a special relationship with new neighbours, aimed at bringing them closer to our values and standards
:
C
The paragraph talks about why the ENP policy will be good to implement and what it will put an end to. Option (c) is the best concluding line for this paragraph as it provides a gist of the advantages of the ENP policy.

Answer: Option B. -> 3 only
:
B
"Language is
essentially only expressing and communicating.”
The passage states the following
"Language
has two primary purposes, expression and communication.”
The author states that
language has two main purposes - expression and communication. This does not
mean that it is only meant for expressing and communicating. In fact when the
author states that "language has two main purposes” it can mean that language
has many purposes but two of them are very important.
The word "only” is too strong. So statement (1) is wrong.
So option (a), (c) and (d) are wrong.
Statement (3) is correct
Look at these lines
"Communication
does not consist only of giving information ; commands and questions must be
included. Sometimes the two are scarcely
separable ;”
The author states that
sometimes they are inseparable. That means there are some places where they can
be separated.
So the correct answer is option (b)

Answer: Option A. -> Prevention of the world war leading to various conjectures
:
A
This is an inference question. Look at these lines.
"Some of these conjectures undoubtedly informed post-war decision making, which led, inter alia, to the idea of collective action, initially through the League of Nations, later the United Nations".
So these conjectures (on prevention of world war) led to a real world event (formation of United Nations).
All the other examples do not lead to a real world event.
So the answer is option (a).

Answer: Option D. -> By viewing icons as words and attributing them with symbols.
:
D
The passage describes various ways of analyzing dreams; a good suggestion comes forth in the last paragraph “It would of course, be incorrect to attempt to read these symbols in accordance with their values as pictures,” and “A correct judgment of the picture- puzzle is possible only if I make no such objections to the whole and its parts, and if, on the contrary, I take the trouble to replace each image by a syllable or word which it may represent by virtue of some allusion or relation.”

Answer: Option D. -> High grade point averages were not the primary criterion upon which the scholarship awards were based.
:
D
The evidence of the study indicates that students on full scholarships maintain higher grade point averages (GPAs) than do students who work or take out loans. From this evidence, the study concluded that the scholarships "enable” those students to earn higher GPAs by alleviating financial stress and freeing up the students' time. Notice how the evidence links scholarships and higher GPAs, but the conclusion jumps into the realm ofcause and effect. The word enable is your clue that the author is now speaking of a casual mechanism.
The author assumes that the only possible reason for the association in the casual mechanism cited in the conclusion, and the correct answer will likely bolster this notion by eliminating an alternative explanation. Choice (d) hits on the right issue. It's possible that the author of this argument got the casual mechanism backwards. She agrees that scholarships lead to high GPA's, but may be the opposite is true: high GPA's lead to scholarships. The argument won't work if there's another reason for the correlation cited in the evidence. If high GPAs are the primary criterion for the scholarships in the first place, then it's not surprising that scholarship holders tend to earn higher GPAs than others. The students must generally be of otherwise equal ability before the conclusion can safely be drawn. (d) is the answer because it eliminates a very plausible alternative explanation for the correlation cited in the first sentence, and this is the assumption cited in the first sentence, and thus is the assumption on which this conclusion depends.

Answer: Option A. -> BDAC
:
A
D introduces the concept of cognitive age which is followed up in A. Hence DA is the link. From this all options except option (a) can be eliminated. To verify if the remaining sentences make logical sense, we can see that C is elaborating on the inverse relationship that is given in A. B becomes the introductory sentence.
Hence, the correct sequence is BDAC.