Answer: Option A. -> Pir Panjal Ranges, Zanskar Ranges, Ladakh Ranges, Karakoram Ranges
Answer: (a)

Answer: Option D. -> It is a rain shadow zone/region.
Answer: (d)Because it is a rain shadow region/area. This area have relatively little precipitation due to the effect of a topographic barrier, especially a mountain range, that causes the prevailing winds to lose their moisture on the windward side, causing the leeward side to be dry.

Answer: Option B. -> K2
Answer: (b)
K2 is the second-highest mountain on Earth, after Mount Everest. With a peak elevation of 8,611 m, K2 is part of the Karakoram Range and is located on the border between Baltistan, in the Gilgit– Baltistan, in the Gilgit–Baltistan region of Pakistan, and the Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County of Xinjiang, China.
K2 is known as the Savage Mountain due to the difficulty of ascent and the second-highest fatality rate among the "eight-thousanders" for those who climb it.

Answer: Option D. -> Malwa
Answer: (d)
The Malwa Plateau roughly forms a triangle based on the Vindhyan Hills, bounded by the Aravalli Range in the west and Madhya Bharat Pathar to the north and Bundelkhand to the east.
It has two systems of drainage; one towards the Arabian sea (The Narmada, the Tapi and the Mahi), and the other towards the Bay of Bengal (Chambal and Betwa, joining the Yamuna).

Answer: Option B. -> Karnataka
Answer: (b)Jog falls is located in Karnataka.

Answer: Option B. -> Nilgiri Hills
Answer: (b)

Answer: Option B. -> Lakshadweep
Answer: (b)The Lakshadweep islands are formed of coral deposits called atolls. Atolls are circular or horseshoe shaped coral reefs.

Answer: Option B. -> Nepal Himalayas
Answer: (b)

Answer: Option B. -> Tethys Sea
Answer: (b)
The Tethys Ocean was an ocean that existed between the continents of Gondwana and Laurasia during much of the Mesozoic era, before the opening of the Indian and Atlantic oceans during the Cretaceous period.
Today, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, and the Indian Ocean cover the area once occupied by the Tethys Ocean, and Turkey, Iraq, and Tibet sit on Cimmeria. What was once the Tethys Sea has become the Mediterranean Sea.
Geologists have found fossils of ocean creatures in rocks in the Himalayas, indicating that those rocks were once underwater, before the Indian continental shelf began pushing upward as it smashed into Cimmeria.

Answer: Option A. -> 2 3 4 1
Answer: (a)