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VERBAL CLUBBED MCQs
Total Questions : 504
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Answer: Option D. -> A change in the focus of folklore studies has led to increased interest in women folk performers and to a new understanding of the importance of the context in which folklore is produced
:
D
The author starts the passage saying that till recent times studies of folklore concentrated on lore and the people involved were not given much importance. Look at the line which follows-“However, since the early 1970s, folklore studies have begun to regard folk performers as people of creativity who are as worthy of attention as are artists who transmit their ideas in writing. This shift of emphasis has also encouraged a growing interest in women folk performers”. Also look at the last line of the passage- “This realization has potential importance for future folklore studies in calling greater attention to the type of study required if a folklorist wants truly to understand the role folklore plays in a particular culture”. From these two lines, we can easily arrive at Option (d).
:
D
The author starts the passage saying that till recent times studies of folklore concentrated on lore and the people involved were not given much importance. Look at the line which follows-“However, since the early 1970s, folklore studies have begun to regard folk performers as people of creativity who are as worthy of attention as are artists who transmit their ideas in writing. This shift of emphasis has also encouraged a growing interest in women folk performers”. Also look at the last line of the passage- “This realization has potential importance for future folklore studies in calling greater attention to the type of study required if a folklorist wants truly to understand the role folklore plays in a particular culture”. From these two lines, we can easily arrive at Option (d).
Answer: Option D. -> suggest that there are some signs that women folk performers are gaining increased critical attention in the field of folklore
:
D
Look at the lines –“Perhaps more telling is the focus of the most recently published major folklore textbook, The Dynamics of Folklore. Whereas earlier textbooks gave little attention to women and their folklore, this book devotes many pages to women folk performers”. So the author refers to The Dynamics of Folklore in order to show that women folk performers have started getting attention, making option (d) the right answer.
:
D
Look at the lines –“Perhaps more telling is the focus of the most recently published major folklore textbook, The Dynamics of Folklore. Whereas earlier textbooks gave little attention to women and their folklore, this book devotes many pages to women folk performers”. So the author refers to The Dynamics of Folklore in order to show that women folk performers have started getting attention, making option (d) the right answer.
Question 423. Deregulation of electricity markets in the United States has resulted in supply disruptions and in higher prices for consumers. Properly understood, however, this phenomenon does not cast doubt on the economic principle that free-market competition is generally more efficient than state planning. Certain particularities of electricity as a commodity - including the impossibility of storing electricity, the inelasticity of demand for electricity, and the high barriers to entry for new producers - are peculiar obstacles to the creation of competitive electricity markets. In the above argument, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
Answer: Option B. -> The first describes an apparent exception to a theory that the author accepts as true; the second is that theory
:
B
This argument can be diagrammed as follows:
(P1) Deregulation of electricity markets...has resulted in supply disruptions and in higher prices for consumers.
(P2) Certain particularities of electricity as a commodity...are peculiar obstacles to the creation of competitive electricity markets.
(C) Properly understood...the phenomenon in (P1) does not cast doubt on the economic principle that free-market competition is generally more efficient than state planning.
The argument describes (in P1) what happened after electricity deregulation, explains (in P2) why this is an anomaly attributable to the particularities of electricity, and concludes that the phenomenon described in (P1) does not really challenge the general principle that free markets are more efficient than state planning.
Notice that the first boldface is simply (P1), and that the second boldface is the economic principle that, according to the conclusion, is not really challenged by (P1). In picking your answer choice, it is a good idea to focus first on how each answer choice characterizes the first boldface. Once you have eliminated the ones that incorrectly characterize the first boldface, you should choose among the remaining answer choices based on how they characterize the second boldface.
(A) The author presents the first boldface as a fact; he does not "reject" it. The second boldface is, therefore, not a theoretical justification for any such rejection.
(B) CORRECT. The first boldface is an apparent exception to the economic theory or principle stated in the second boldface. (The point of the argument is to show that this apparent exception does not invalidate the principle.)
(C) The author never offers a critique of "conventional economics"; if anything, he seems concerned to defend an economic principle. The second boldface is far too short and restricted to be a "summary of conventional economic thought.".
(D) The passage gives no indication that the problems with electricity deregulation are part of a "broader trend." Indeed the whole of sentence 3 is an explanation of why electricity is a special case. This answer choice fares even worse in its characterization of the second boldface, which is a principle, not a trend
:
B
This argument can be diagrammed as follows:
(P1) Deregulation of electricity markets...has resulted in supply disruptions and in higher prices for consumers.
(P2) Certain particularities of electricity as a commodity...are peculiar obstacles to the creation of competitive electricity markets.
(C) Properly understood...the phenomenon in (P1) does not cast doubt on the economic principle that free-market competition is generally more efficient than state planning.
The argument describes (in P1) what happened after electricity deregulation, explains (in P2) why this is an anomaly attributable to the particularities of electricity, and concludes that the phenomenon described in (P1) does not really challenge the general principle that free markets are more efficient than state planning.
Notice that the first boldface is simply (P1), and that the second boldface is the economic principle that, according to the conclusion, is not really challenged by (P1). In picking your answer choice, it is a good idea to focus first on how each answer choice characterizes the first boldface. Once you have eliminated the ones that incorrectly characterize the first boldface, you should choose among the remaining answer choices based on how they characterize the second boldface.
(A) The author presents the first boldface as a fact; he does not "reject" it. The second boldface is, therefore, not a theoretical justification for any such rejection.
(B) CORRECT. The first boldface is an apparent exception to the economic theory or principle stated in the second boldface. (The point of the argument is to show that this apparent exception does not invalidate the principle.)
(C) The author never offers a critique of "conventional economics"; if anything, he seems concerned to defend an economic principle. The second boldface is far too short and restricted to be a "summary of conventional economic thought.".
(D) The passage gives no indication that the problems with electricity deregulation are part of a "broader trend." Indeed the whole of sentence 3 is an explanation of why electricity is a special case. This answer choice fares even worse in its characterization of the second boldface, which is a principle, not a trend
Answer: Option A. -> Knowledge management demands a postmodern epistemological perspective
:
A
Look at these lines -
“Postmodernism belies all grand narratives like those of positivism and even Habermas’s theory of rationality; that try to force people into the mold of a specific way of thinking and acting”.
It is actually grand narratives that try to force people into the mold of a specific way of thinking and acting.
So (b) is wrong.
(c) is too strong an option. Functionalists may be emotional but they are not too emotional.
(d) Functionalism is also a management ideology. It does not manage irreconcilability and pluriformity. So (d) is wrong.
Look at these lines -
“Management of incommensurability and heterogeneity in organizations expressly demands a postmodern epistemological perspective.”
So we can safely derive answer option (a) as the right answer.
:
A
Look at these lines -
“Postmodernism belies all grand narratives like those of positivism and even Habermas’s theory of rationality; that try to force people into the mold of a specific way of thinking and acting”.
It is actually grand narratives that try to force people into the mold of a specific way of thinking and acting.
So (b) is wrong.
(c) is too strong an option. Functionalists may be emotional but they are not too emotional.
(d) Functionalism is also a management ideology. It does not manage irreconcilability and pluriformity. So (d) is wrong.
Look at these lines -
“Management of incommensurability and heterogeneity in organizations expressly demands a postmodern epistemological perspective.”
So we can safely derive answer option (a) as the right answer.
Answer: Option C. -> The medals won by various athletes at the competition
:
C
The author mentions this in the second para of the passage and then goes on to say – “including 50 gold medals and dozens more silver and bronze. In the men’s 1,500-meter run, for instance, Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco grabbed gold, Bernard Lagat of Kenya took the silver….” This makes choice (c) correct.
:
C
The author mentions this in the second para of the passage and then goes on to say – “including 50 gold medals and dozens more silver and bronze. In the men’s 1,500-meter run, for instance, Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco grabbed gold, Bernard Lagat of Kenya took the silver….” This makes choice (c) correct.
Answer: Option D. -> Checky's writings were greatly, if subtly, effective in influencing the moral attitudes of his readers
:
D
The author discusses Scalp’s literary models, emphasizing Checky, in the last paragraph. The reason why Scalp chose Checkyas her model is not directly stated in the passage but must be inferred from the information there. Option (d) is the correct answer. It indicates that Scalp’s work as a moralist is subtle and done ‘by indirection’. Scalp’s statement that readers absorb morality at every pore despite the fact that no laws were changed because of Checky, indicates that she believed Checky’s influence to be subtle. Therefore, it is likely that it was Checky’s subtle effectiveness that led Scalp to choose him as a model.
:
D
The author discusses Scalp’s literary models, emphasizing Checky, in the last paragraph. The reason why Scalp chose Checkyas her model is not directly stated in the passage but must be inferred from the information there. Option (d) is the correct answer. It indicates that Scalp’s work as a moralist is subtle and done ‘by indirection’. Scalp’s statement that readers absorb morality at every pore despite the fact that no laws were changed because of Checky, indicates that she believed Checky’s influence to be subtle. Therefore, it is likely that it was Checky’s subtle effectiveness that led Scalp to choose him as a model.
Question 427. (A)After making a mark on [A] in [B] the medical animation sector, Coimbatore - based Mark IV Animation Studios is in the process to launch [A] / of launching [B] an e-learning system.
(B) Instead of resisting globalization, there should be an attempt to reap [A] / reaping [B] the the benefits it brings.
(C) A pragmatic approach that looked at ways and means of tackling [A] / to tackle [B] the problems that globalization ushered in, is required.
(D) Driven [A] / driving [B] to the wall, distributors have found a way to circumvent the regulations.
(B) Instead of resisting globalization, there should be an attempt to reap [A] / reaping [B] the the benefits it brings.
(C) A pragmatic approach that looked at ways and means of tackling [A] / to tackle [B] the problems that globalization ushered in, is required.
(D) Driven [A] / driving [B] to the wall, distributors have found a way to circumvent the regulations.
Answer: Option B. -> BBAAA
:
B
A mark is made in a field, it means an achievement in the field hence option B is correct.
To have a parallelism in construction 'making' should be followed by 'launching.'
Insentence 2 an attempt is made to do something hence 'to reap' is correct.
'Means oftackling' is correct in sentence 3 'Driven to the wall' is a phrase which means reaching the end of one's patience and tolerance. Hence it is Option A. Thus, the option BBAAA iscorrect.
:
B
A mark is made in a field, it means an achievement in the field hence option B is correct.
To have a parallelism in construction 'making' should be followed by 'launching.'
Insentence 2 an attempt is made to do something hence 'to reap' is correct.
'Means oftackling' is correct in sentence 3 'Driven to the wall' is a phrase which means reaching the end of one's patience and tolerance. Hence it is Option A. Thus, the option BBAAA iscorrect.
Question 428. A. This applies to material goods generally and therefore to the greater part of the present economic life of the world.
B. We may distinguish two sorts of goods, and two corresponding sorts of impulses.
C. The food and clothing of one man is not the food and clothing of another; if the supply is insufficient, what one man has is obtained at the expense of another man.
D. On the other hand, mental and spiritual goods do not belong to one man to the exclusion of another.
E. There are goods in regard to which individual possession is possible, and there are goods in which all can share alike.
B. We may distinguish two sorts of goods, and two corresponding sorts of impulses.
C. The food and clothing of one man is not the food and clothing of another; if the supply is insufficient, what one man has is obtained at the expense of another man.
D. On the other hand, mental and spiritual goods do not belong to one man to the exclusion of another.
E. There are goods in regard to which individual possession is possible, and there are goods in which all can share alike.
Answer: Option A. -> BECAD
:
A
Option (a)
Sentence B is the best option for the first sentence as it initiates a theory. Sentence E then builds on it and tells us what are these types of goods. Sentence C then starts by citing example of one type among these two and sentence A generalizes this to apply to material goods. Sentence D then talks about the second type of goods. This makes choice (a) correct.
Shortcut-
Elimination- If you read the 5 sentences, observe that Sentence B talks of two types of goods and Sentence E elaborates on those two types. Hence, BE is a definite link. Directly eliminate option (b), (c), (d) and (e). Answer is option (a).
:
A
Option (a)
Sentence B is the best option for the first sentence as it initiates a theory. Sentence E then builds on it and tells us what are these types of goods. Sentence C then starts by citing example of one type among these two and sentence A generalizes this to apply to material goods. Sentence D then talks about the second type of goods. This makes choice (a) correct.
Shortcut-
Elimination- If you read the 5 sentences, observe that Sentence B talks of two types of goods and Sentence E elaborates on those two types. Hence, BE is a definite link. Directly eliminate option (b), (c), (d) and (e). Answer is option (a).
Answer: Option B. -> by hiring more teachers and increasing funding for textbooks and other supplies, others insist that doing so
:
B
The original sentence contains several errors. First, the phrases "hiring more teachers” and "an increase in the amount of funding for books” should be, but are not, parallel. They should be parallel because both phrases play the same role in this sentence: we are told that scores can be raised by "hiring more teachers” and by "an increase in the amount...”. The phrases are not parallel because "hiring more teachers” is a participial phrase, whereas "an increase...” is a noun phrase. Second, "doing this" is incorrect. A verb phrase cannot be replaced by a pronoun such as "this" or "it". Instead, it must be replaced by "so". For example, "I enjoy swimming at night, but doing so is dangerous" is preferable to "I enjoy swimming at night, but doing it is dangerous." Finally, the "amount of funding" is somewhat wordy and could be replaced by the more concise "funding."
(A) This choiceis incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.
(B) CORRECT.It contains two parallel participial phrases, "hiring more teachers" and "increasing funding for textbooks and other supplies." Additionally "doing so" correctly replaces "doing this" and the concise "funding" is used in place of "amount of funding".
(C) The phrase "a hiring of more teachers” contains a word with an -ing ending, so it might seem as if "a hiring of more teachers” is a participial phrase like "increasing the amount of funding”. However, appearances are deceptive in this case. Notice that the word "hiring” is preceded by the article "a.” This article is a signal that the word "hiring” is being used as a noun, just as "hanging” is a noun in the sentence "I witnessed a hanging this morning.” So this answer choice fails to create parallelism: the noun phrase "a hiring of more teachers” is not parallel to the participial phrase "increasing the amount of funding for textbooks and other supplies.” Another problem with this answer choice is that "amount of funding” is wordy compared to "funding.”
(D) This choiceincorrectly uses "doing this" instead of "doing so" to refer back to the participial phrase "hiring . . ." Additionally, "amount of funding" is wordy.
:
B
The original sentence contains several errors. First, the phrases "hiring more teachers” and "an increase in the amount of funding for books” should be, but are not, parallel. They should be parallel because both phrases play the same role in this sentence: we are told that scores can be raised by "hiring more teachers” and by "an increase in the amount...”. The phrases are not parallel because "hiring more teachers” is a participial phrase, whereas "an increase...” is a noun phrase. Second, "doing this" is incorrect. A verb phrase cannot be replaced by a pronoun such as "this" or "it". Instead, it must be replaced by "so". For example, "I enjoy swimming at night, but doing so is dangerous" is preferable to "I enjoy swimming at night, but doing it is dangerous." Finally, the "amount of funding" is somewhat wordy and could be replaced by the more concise "funding."
(A) This choiceis incorrect as it repeats the original sentence.
(B) CORRECT.It contains two parallel participial phrases, "hiring more teachers" and "increasing funding for textbooks and other supplies." Additionally "doing so" correctly replaces "doing this" and the concise "funding" is used in place of "amount of funding".
(C) The phrase "a hiring of more teachers” contains a word with an -ing ending, so it might seem as if "a hiring of more teachers” is a participial phrase like "increasing the amount of funding”. However, appearances are deceptive in this case. Notice that the word "hiring” is preceded by the article "a.” This article is a signal that the word "hiring” is being used as a noun, just as "hanging” is a noun in the sentence "I witnessed a hanging this morning.” So this answer choice fails to create parallelism: the noun phrase "a hiring of more teachers” is not parallel to the participial phrase "increasing the amount of funding for textbooks and other supplies.” Another problem with this answer choice is that "amount of funding” is wordy compared to "funding.”
(D) This choiceincorrectly uses "doing this" instead of "doing so" to refer back to the participial phrase "hiring . . ." Additionally, "amount of funding" is wordy.
Question 430. 1.Cubism was a new movement in art that revolutionized European painting and sculpture. Its emergence in France led to new movements in music and literature.
2.George Braque developed Cubic art with Pablo Picasso, and his paintings "Violence and Candlestick” and 'Women with a Guitar' give abstract reality. Objects look broken up, as the artist depicts the subject from multi-dimensional perspective.
3.Cubic art originated in the works of Paul Cezanne who treated the forms of Nature as if they were cones, spheres, and cylinders.
4.The Cubists were experimenters. They disintegrated the subject and depicted a new vision of reality in broken form. The evolution of Czech Cubism has to be understood in this perspective.
2.George Braque developed Cubic art with Pablo Picasso, and his paintings "Violence and Candlestick” and 'Women with a Guitar' give abstract reality. Objects look broken up, as the artist depicts the subject from multi-dimensional perspective.
3.Cubic art originated in the works of Paul Cezanne who treated the forms of Nature as if they were cones, spheres, and cylinders.
4.The Cubists were experimenters. They disintegrated the subject and depicted a new vision of reality in broken form. The evolution of Czech Cubism has to be understood in this perspective.
Answer: Option C. -> IFII
:
C
Statement 1 is based on inference that the emergence of Cubism led to the growth of other movements in music and literature. Statement 2 is based on facts. Statement 3 is inference based: Since the works of Paul Cezanne treated the forms of Nature as if they were cones, spheres, and cylinders, he must be the originator of cubism. Statement 4 is based on inference again, that the Czech cubism has to be understood in this perspective. Option: (c)
:
C
Statement 1 is based on inference that the emergence of Cubism led to the growth of other movements in music and literature. Statement 2 is based on facts. Statement 3 is inference based: Since the works of Paul Cezanne treated the forms of Nature as if they were cones, spheres, and cylinders, he must be the originator of cubism. Statement 4 is based on inference again, that the Czech cubism has to be understood in this perspective. Option: (c)
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