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VERBAL CLUBBED MCQs
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Question 161. Candidate for Mayor: My opponent argues that the best way to increase the city's tax revenues is to double the tax on rental cars so that non-residents provide the bulk of the additional income. This plan is unethical because it constitutes taxation without representation: we should not excessively tax those who cannot vote on the plan. Moreover, if car rental prices are too high in our city, people may simply rent cars in neighboring cities to avoid the tax surcharge. The candidate responds to her opponent's plan by
Answer: Option C. -> Implying that the plan may result in the opposite of the intended effect.
:
C
We are asked to analyze the candidate's argument: what reasoning does she employ in her response to the opponent's plan? The opponent proposes a way to increase tax revenues. The candidate provides two reasons for rejecting the plan: first, the plan is morally wrong, and, second, it may not even work because people may rent cars in other cities instead. The correct answer must describe one or both of these objections.
(A) The candidate does introduce a moral concern, but does not present it as a quandary that cannot be solved without more data. In fact, the candidate takes a very specific stand, claiming unequivocally that the plan is morally wrong.
(B) The candidate does not argue for, or even mention, an alternate strategy by which to raise the city's tax revenues.
(C) CORRECT. The candidate suggests, via her second objection, that people might choose to rent cars in neighboring cities to avoid the higher tax. If this occurred, it could potentially reduce the number of car rentals in the candidate's city, with the result that the city's tax revenues from this source would decrease - the opposite of the opponent's intended goal.
(D) In her second objection, the candidate offers a reason whythe plan might not work as intended. Her objection relies on a conjecture about how people would behave. It does not, therefore,demonstrate(i.e.,prove) that the plan would fail.
:
C
We are asked to analyze the candidate's argument: what reasoning does she employ in her response to the opponent's plan? The opponent proposes a way to increase tax revenues. The candidate provides two reasons for rejecting the plan: first, the plan is morally wrong, and, second, it may not even work because people may rent cars in other cities instead. The correct answer must describe one or both of these objections.
(A) The candidate does introduce a moral concern, but does not present it as a quandary that cannot be solved without more data. In fact, the candidate takes a very specific stand, claiming unequivocally that the plan is morally wrong.
(B) The candidate does not argue for, or even mention, an alternate strategy by which to raise the city's tax revenues.
(C) CORRECT. The candidate suggests, via her second objection, that people might choose to rent cars in neighboring cities to avoid the higher tax. If this occurred, it could potentially reduce the number of car rentals in the candidate's city, with the result that the city's tax revenues from this source would decrease - the opposite of the opponent's intended goal.
(D) In her second objection, the candidate offers a reason whythe plan might not work as intended. Her objection relies on a conjecture about how people would behave. It does not, therefore,demonstrate(i.e.,prove) that the plan would fail.
Question 162. A. Indians are among the fastest growing immigrant groups in the US.
B. Mr. Ramanathan is one of them.
C. In a 0% unemployment economy, corporates are using everything to attract the right candidates.
D. According to a US Census Bureau, above 44% of Indians who work there hold managerial jobs.
E. He is among the thousands wooed right out of University campuses by companies.
F. It could range from an attractive signing bonus to personalized hand holders.
B. Mr. Ramanathan is one of them.
C. In a 0% unemployment economy, corporates are using everything to attract the right candidates.
D. According to a US Census Bureau, above 44% of Indians who work there hold managerial jobs.
E. He is among the thousands wooed right out of University campuses by companies.
F. It could range from an attractive signing bonus to personalized hand holders.
Answer: Option C. -> ADBECF
:
C
B could either follow A or D. "Them” in B could wither mean "Indians” as in A or "44% Indians” as in D. But we can see that "there” in D refers to "US” in A. Hence D follows A and B follows D. this gives us the link ADB. The "he” in F refers to MR. Ramanathan. Hence E follows B. And we can see that F follows C logically. Hence the correct option is option (c).
:
C
B could either follow A or D. "Them” in B could wither mean "Indians” as in A or "44% Indians” as in D. But we can see that "there” in D refers to "US” in A. Hence D follows A and B follows D. this gives us the link ADB. The "he” in F refers to MR. Ramanathan. Hence E follows B. And we can see that F follows C logically. Hence the correct option is option (c).
Question 163. 1. The Indian High Commission in London is likely to serve the legal notice on Christie's to stop its auction on July three, sources said. 2. The copyright of the manuscript is with the Ahmedabad-based Navjiwan Trust. 3. Gandhiji willed all his letters, writings and books to the trust, they pointed out. 4. "As the ownership of the manuscript is with the Trust, it cannot belong to private collector, the auction house has no right to sell it in these circumstances,” the sources added
Answer: Option B. -> JFFI
:
B
Sentence 1 is clearly a judgment, which can be deduced from the word 'likely' an indicator of probable action in future. Sentences 2 and 3 are clearly facts, since they are open to verification. Sentence 4 shows a cause-effect relationship, a conclusion drawn about the unknown (no right to sell the manuscript), on the basis of the known (the ownership of the manuscript). Thus we can conclude that option (b) is the answer.
:
B
Sentence 1 is clearly a judgment, which can be deduced from the word 'likely' an indicator of probable action in future. Sentences 2 and 3 are clearly facts, since they are open to verification. Sentence 4 shows a cause-effect relationship, a conclusion drawn about the unknown (no right to sell the manuscript), on the basis of the known (the ownership of the manuscript). Thus we can conclude that option (b) is the answer.
Answer: Option A. -> In requiring better working conditions in factories.
:
A
This was a close call between (a) and (d).
Let us look at the one example.
For example:
(a) I want to know how far you will go in helping me.
(b) I want to know how far you will go to help me.
"In helping me” means how much you will help me in the process.
"to help me" means how much you will help me to start the process.
In the question the process has already started. So we need help in the process and not to start the process. So the answer is (a).
:
A
This was a close call between (a) and (d).
Let us look at the one example.
For example:
(a) I want to know how far you will go in helping me.
(b) I want to know how far you will go to help me.
"In helping me” means how much you will help me in the process.
"to help me" means how much you will help me to start the process.
In the question the process has already started. So we need help in the process and not to start the process. So the answer is (a).
Question 165. A. Both parties use capital and labour in the struggle to secure property rights.
B. The thief spends time and money in his attempt to steal (he buys wire cutters) and the legitimate property owner expends resources to prevent the theft (he buys locks).
C. A social cost of theft is that both the thief and the potential victim use resources to gain or maintain control over property.
D. These costs may escalate as a type of technological arms race unfolds.
E. A bank may purchase more and more complicated and sophisticated safes, forcing safecrackers to invest further in safecracking equipment.
___
B. The thief spends time and money in his attempt to steal (he buys wire cutters) and the legitimate property owner expends resources to prevent the theft (he buys locks).
C. A social cost of theft is that both the thief and the potential victim use resources to gain or maintain control over property.
D. These costs may escalate as a type of technological arms race unfolds.
E. A bank may purchase more and more complicated and sophisticated safes, forcing safecrackers to invest further in safecracking equipment.
___
:
The best opening statement is C. A continues with the same idea. B then describes the way in which both the thief and owner waste their money. This is followed by D which talks about escalating costs. E is the concluding statement.
Hence, the correct sequence is CABDE.
Answer: Option C. -> Capacity to doubt the truth of perception
:
C
A really tough one..!!
Look at these lines in the last but two paragraphs:
"This means an education plan which emphasizes that a manager will always be a tangible, approachable person have to learn to deal with the insecurity, doubts and mysteries.”
The lines state that an education plan must emphasize....... The author does not define these qualities "must be qualities” for a manager.
Have a look at these lines in the fourth paragraph:
"However, it is far less understandable if it is managers who become the unwitting prisoner of supposed "instrumental” perception.”
The author is not ready to accept or he is not able to understand a manager who becomes a prisoner of an instrumental perception i.e.if a manager does not have the capacity to doubt the truth of perception, the author is not ready to accept him as a manager.
So option (c) is the correct answer.
:
C
A really tough one..!!
Look at these lines in the last but two paragraphs:
"This means an education plan which emphasizes that a manager will always be a tangible, approachable person have to learn to deal with the insecurity, doubts and mysteries.”
The lines state that an education plan must emphasize....... The author does not define these qualities "must be qualities” for a manager.
Have a look at these lines in the fourth paragraph:
"However, it is far less understandable if it is managers who become the unwitting prisoner of supposed "instrumental” perception.”
The author is not ready to accept or he is not able to understand a manager who becomes a prisoner of an instrumental perception i.e.if a manager does not have the capacity to doubt the truth of perception, the author is not ready to accept him as a manager.
So option (c) is the correct answer.
Question 167. Book Reviewers who wish to have one of their book reviews nominated for the prestigious National Books Critics Circle award should not submit book review articles that review more than three books at a time. This is because editors for the National Books Critics CircleReview will not publish a book review article if it is too lengthy and cumbersome to read. In their submission guidelines, the editors explicitly state that review articles that cover more than three books at a time are considered too lengthy and cumbersome to read. Which of the following statements represents an assumption upon which the arguments above depend?
Answer: Option D. -> To be nominated for the National Books Critics Circle award, a Reviewer's book review article must be published in the National Books Critics Circle Review .
:
D
The author concludes that Book Reviewers who want their work to be nominated for the National Books Critics Circle award should only submit articles containing reviews on three or fewer books. The evidence follows: the National Books Critics Circle basically will not publish any book review article that reviews more than three books. Look back over the conclusion and evidence and you'll realize that they aren't really talking about the same thing. The conclusion is about what one should do in order to get his work nominated for the award, and the evidence is about what one should do in order to get his work published. That's classic scope shift. The only way to make these two different subjects relate to one another is to assume that one must have a review article published in the Review in order to be eligible for the award. Otherwise, the evidence about publication requirements would have no relevance to the conclusion about nomination requirements.
:
D
The author concludes that Book Reviewers who want their work to be nominated for the National Books Critics Circle award should only submit articles containing reviews on three or fewer books. The evidence follows: the National Books Critics Circle basically will not publish any book review article that reviews more than three books. Look back over the conclusion and evidence and you'll realize that they aren't really talking about the same thing. The conclusion is about what one should do in order to get his work nominated for the award, and the evidence is about what one should do in order to get his work published. That's classic scope shift. The only way to make these two different subjects relate to one another is to assume that one must have a review article published in the Review in order to be eligible for the award. Otherwise, the evidence about publication requirements would have no relevance to the conclusion about nomination requirements.
Question 168. (a) Reddys are now on the defensive since it has been established beyond doubt that the community was behind the attacks launched on the Dalit community of the state.
(b) From the report submitted by the investigating agency it appears that the preplanned attack against the Dalits was another futile attempt by the Reddys to reassert their age old authority which had seen fissures with the growing assertion of the Dalits.
(c) Twenty one of the accused have been given life imprisonment while thirty five of the accused have been asked to serve one year rigorous imprisonment.
(d) A coalition of Dalit organizations has been pressing the government to file a petition in the upper court to challenge the acquittal.
(b) From the report submitted by the investigating agency it appears that the preplanned attack against the Dalits was another futile attempt by the Reddys to reassert their age old authority which had seen fissures with the growing assertion of the Dalits.
(c) Twenty one of the accused have been given life imprisonment while thirty five of the accused have been asked to serve one year rigorous imprisonment.
(d) A coalition of Dalit organizations has been pressing the government to file a petition in the upper court to challenge the acquittal.
Answer: Option B. -> JIFF
:
B
Statements (c) & (d) are clearly facts since they are verifiable. Statement (a) is a judgment since ‘Reddys being on the defensive’ could be the writer’s perspective.
:
B
Statements (c) & (d) are clearly facts since they are verifiable. Statement (a) is a judgment since ‘Reddys being on the defensive’ could be the writer’s perspective.
Question 169. Aromatherapy is a term used to describe the practice of using essential oils taken from plants, flowers, roots, seeds, etc., in healing. The term is a bit misleading, since the aromas of oils, whether natural or synthetic, are generally not themselves therapeutic. Aromas are used to identify the oils, to determine adulteration, and to stir the memory, but not to directly bring about a cure or healing.
The above argument assumes that:
The above argument assumes that:
Answer: Option D. -> The healing power of essential oils is the main draw in aromatherapy.
:
D
Aromatherapy may have a number of uses. The given paragraph/argument assumes that a cure or healing power of the oils is the main attraction. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
:
D
Aromatherapy may have a number of uses. The given paragraph/argument assumes that a cure or healing power of the oils is the main attraction. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
Question 170. Read the passage and answer the question that follows.
A gift is not generous unless it is intended to benefit the recipient and is worth more than what is expected or customary in the situation; a gift is selfish if it is given to benefit the giver or is less valuable than is customary.
Which one of the following judgments most closely conforms to the principle above?
A gift is not generous unless it is intended to benefit the recipient and is worth more than what is expected or customary in the situation; a gift is selfish if it is given to benefit the giver or is less valuable than is customary.
Which one of the following judgments most closely conforms to the principle above?
Answer: Option D. -> Olga gives her daughter a computer as a graduation gift. Since this is the gift that all children in Olga's family receive for graduation, it is not generous.
:
D
Let us analyse the stem of the question
Gift is generous if
a) benefits the recipient and
b) Worth more than is expected or customary in the situation. So if condition (a) or (b) is not satisfied then the gift is not generous and only if (a) and (b) conditions are satisfied then the gift is generous.
Also the gift is selfish if
a) benefits the giver or
b)Less Valuable than is customary
The tickets are expensive (condition (b) satisfied ) and his cousin loves operas (condition (a) satisfied). So the gift is generous. Moreover it does not satisfy the conditions for the gift to be selfish SO option (a) is wrong
The health club membership does not benefit the giver (Emily) neither is it less valuable than is customary So it is not selfish. So (b) is wrong
The bottles are expensive (condition (b) is satisfied) but there is no mention how the bottles are going to benefit her clients So the gift is not generous. So option (c) is wrong
Since this is the gift that all children in Olga's family receive for graduation, it is not generous So condition (b) is violated. So the gift is not generous. So (d) is the correct answer
:
D
Let us analyse the stem of the question
Gift is generous if
a) benefits the recipient and
b) Worth more than is expected or customary in the situation. So if condition (a) or (b) is not satisfied then the gift is not generous and only if (a) and (b) conditions are satisfied then the gift is generous.
Also the gift is selfish if
a) benefits the giver or
b)Less Valuable than is customary
The tickets are expensive (condition (b) satisfied ) and his cousin loves operas (condition (a) satisfied). So the gift is generous. Moreover it does not satisfy the conditions for the gift to be selfish SO option (a) is wrong
The health club membership does not benefit the giver (Emily) neither is it less valuable than is customary So it is not selfish. So (b) is wrong
The bottles are expensive (condition (b) is satisfied) but there is no mention how the bottles are going to benefit her clients So the gift is not generous. So option (c) is wrong
Since this is the gift that all children in Olga's family receive for graduation, it is not generous So condition (b) is violated. So the gift is not generous. So (d) is the correct answer
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