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VERBAL CLUBBED MCQs
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Question 151. A. Large reductions in the ozone layer, which sits about 15-30 km above the Earth, take place each- winter over the Polar regions, especially the Antarctic, as low temperatures allow the formation of stratospheric clouds that assist chemical reactions breaking down ozone.
B. Industrial chemicals containing chlorine and bromine have been blamed for thinning the layer because they attack the ozone molecules, making them to break apart.
C. Many an offending chemicals have now been banned.
D. It will still take several decades before these substances have disappeared from the atmosphere.
B. Industrial chemicals containing chlorine and bromine have been blamed for thinning the layer because they attack the ozone molecules, making them to break apart.
C. Many an offending chemicals have now been banned.
D. It will still take several decades before these substances have disappeared from the atmosphere.
Answer: Option C. -> A & D
:
C
Option: (C)
Statements B and C are incorrect. Statement B is incorrect because 'to break apart' is an incorrect idiom. It should be "making them break apart”- the verb 'make' is not followed by an infinitive (to+verb).
Statement C is incorrect because of 'many an offending chemicals'. The correct versions will be 'many offending chemicals (have)' or many an offending chemical (has)'. This eliminates options (b) and (d).
Statements A and D are both correct.
:
C
Option: (C)
Statements B and C are incorrect. Statement B is incorrect because 'to break apart' is an incorrect idiom. It should be "making them break apart”- the verb 'make' is not followed by an infinitive (to+verb).
Statement C is incorrect because of 'many an offending chemicals'. The correct versions will be 'many offending chemicals (have)' or many an offending chemical (has)'. This eliminates options (b) and (d).
Statements A and D are both correct.
Question 152. Which of the following statement/statements is/are correct?
A. When virtuoso teams begin their work, individuals are in and group consensus is out.
B. As project progresses, however, the individual stars harness themselves to the product of the group.
C. Sooner or later, the members break through their own egocentrism and become a plurality with single-minded focus on the goal.
D. In short, they morph into a powerful team with a shared identity.
A. When virtuoso teams begin their work, individuals are in and group consensus is out.
B. As project progresses, however, the individual stars harness themselves to the product of the group.
C. Sooner or later, the members break through their own egocentrism and become a plurality with single-minded focus on the goal.
D. In short, they morph into a powerful team with a shared identity.
Answer: Option B. -> A & D
:
B
Option: (B)
Statements B and C are incorrect.
Statement B is incorrect because 'As project progresses' should be corrected to "As the project progresses...” The (definite or indefinite) article is required as a determiner. Statement C is incorrect in the phrase 'a plurality with single-minded focus' - should be corrected to "a plurality with a single-minded focus...” The noun 'focus' needs a determiner (definite/indefinite article). Since statements B and C are incorrect, options (a), (c) and (d) are eliminated.
:
B
Option: (B)
Statements B and C are incorrect.
Statement B is incorrect because 'As project progresses' should be corrected to "As the project progresses...” The (definite or indefinite) article is required as a determiner. Statement C is incorrect in the phrase 'a plurality with single-minded focus' - should be corrected to "a plurality with a single-minded focus...” The noun 'focus' needs a determiner (definite/indefinite article). Since statements B and C are incorrect, options (a), (c) and (d) are eliminated.
Answer: Option D. -> a defiance similar to that which welcomed
:
D
In English, instead of saying something like "that that" we say "that which."
For example:
'The number we recorded this week is greater than that which we recorded last week' is preferable to 'The number we recorded this week is greater than that that we recorded last week'.
In this sentence 'The number we recorded this week is greater than that which we recorded last week'
that = number and
which = number
Notice that this sentence equals 'The number we recorded this week is greater than the number that we recorded last week'.
So in our sentence here, we want to say:
The inhabitants of Somalia greeted the measures outlawing polygamy with a defiance that was similar to the defiance that welcomed the prohibition of alcohol in the United States in the nineteen-twenties.
:
D
In English, instead of saying something like "that that" we say "that which."
For example:
'The number we recorded this week is greater than that which we recorded last week' is preferable to 'The number we recorded this week is greater than that that we recorded last week'.
In this sentence 'The number we recorded this week is greater than that which we recorded last week'
that = number and
which = number
Notice that this sentence equals 'The number we recorded this week is greater than the number that we recorded last week'.
So in our sentence here, we want to say:
The inhabitants of Somalia greeted the measures outlawing polygamy with a defiance that was similar to the defiance that welcomed the prohibition of alcohol in the United States in the nineteen-twenties.
Answer: Option D. -> Neutralize the arguments of Mr. Lindblad and to point out that the atrocities committed by colonial regimes were more than those of communist regimes.
:
D
The author cites examples of the atrocities committed by colonial regimes in order to show that the colonialists were worse than the communists and that Mr. Lindblad's theory about fighting against the communists could be validated if they had raised a word against the atrocities of the colonialists as well. But this was not the case. He says that the crimes done by the communists were not as severe as those by the colonialists. This is best expressed by option (d). Option (a) is partially correct but his main aim is to neutralize Lindblad's statements and not just compare. Options (b) and (c) are mentioned in the passage but are not correct in this context. Option (e) talks about finding motives which is out of the scope of the passage.
:
D
The author cites examples of the atrocities committed by colonial regimes in order to show that the colonialists were worse than the communists and that Mr. Lindblad's theory about fighting against the communists could be validated if they had raised a word against the atrocities of the colonialists as well. But this was not the case. He says that the crimes done by the communists were not as severe as those by the colonialists. This is best expressed by option (d). Option (a) is partially correct but his main aim is to neutralize Lindblad's statements and not just compare. Options (b) and (c) are mentioned in the passage but are not correct in this context. Option (e) talks about finding motives which is out of the scope of the passage.
Answer: Option A. -> A play cannot be comprehended fully without some knowledge and imaginative understanding of its context.
:
A
This is another tough question. This is a data based question where the answer has to be got by running through the entire passage.
Let us use process of elimination to choose the correct answer.
Option (b) - Look at these lines “His teaching is that beauty is a by-product of other activity”. He says that ‘Beauty is a by-product of other activities’. But this option says that the ‘Drama is a product of beauty’.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (c) - “Morality is immutable”. This statement is correct.
But the second half of the option “it is not something to be discussed and worked out” is not correct. Look at these lines in the last paragraph “Shaw, who has the courage of his historicism, consistently withstands the view that moral problems do not change”. Shaw himself has discussed regarding these views.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (d): Look at these lines in second paragraph -
“it follows that even the best works of art go out of date in some important aspects and that the generally held view that great works are in all respects eternal is not shared by Shaw”.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (a) is therefore correct. It is supported by the following lines in the first paragraph “that the artist writes out of moral passion (in forms varying from political conviction to religious zeal)”.
:
A
This is another tough question. This is a data based question where the answer has to be got by running through the entire passage.
Let us use process of elimination to choose the correct answer.
Option (b) - Look at these lines “His teaching is that beauty is a by-product of other activity”. He says that ‘Beauty is a by-product of other activities’. But this option says that the ‘Drama is a product of beauty’.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (c) - “Morality is immutable”. This statement is correct.
But the second half of the option “it is not something to be discussed and worked out” is not correct. Look at these lines in the last paragraph “Shaw, who has the courage of his historicism, consistently withstands the view that moral problems do not change”. Shaw himself has discussed regarding these views.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (d): Look at these lines in second paragraph -
“it follows that even the best works of art go out of date in some important aspects and that the generally held view that great works are in all respects eternal is not shared by Shaw”.
So Shaw need not agree to this option.
Option (a) is therefore correct. It is supported by the following lines in the first paragraph “that the artist writes out of moral passion (in forms varying from political conviction to religious zeal)”.
Answer: Option D. -> a drought caused by actions of human beings.
:
D
This is essentially a vocabulary question. The answer can be guessed from the context the word is used in. Anthropogenic means "caused or produced by humans”.
From the second paragraph, “…anthropogenic drought resulting from deforestation, by soil nutrient depletion and other soil problems, and by the struggle to prevent bracken ferns from overrunning the fields.”Option (a) is incorrect because lack of rain cannot be attributed to human intervention. Options (b) and (c) are incorrect because they are reasons to the causes of the drought and why the drought was anthropogenic. Hence they cannot be the meaning of the word itself. Option (d) means the same as anthropogenic. Deforestation and soil nutrient depletion can only be caused by humans.
:
D
This is essentially a vocabulary question. The answer can be guessed from the context the word is used in. Anthropogenic means "caused or produced by humans”.
From the second paragraph, “…anthropogenic drought resulting from deforestation, by soil nutrient depletion and other soil problems, and by the struggle to prevent bracken ferns from overrunning the fields.”Option (a) is incorrect because lack of rain cannot be attributed to human intervention. Options (b) and (c) are incorrect because they are reasons to the causes of the drought and why the drought was anthropogenic. Hence they cannot be the meaning of the word itself. Option (d) means the same as anthropogenic. Deforestation and soil nutrient depletion can only be caused by humans.
Answer: Option D. -> By adhering to this structure, Abrams believes, historical sociologists will be able to better portray the complex connections between human agency and history.
:
D
This is an application question. In order to answer this question, refer to the last paragraph.
“In order to capture the various facets of this mutual interaction, Abrams recommends a fourfold structure to which he believes the investigations of historical sociologists should conform”. You need to align your answer to the last paragraph only and especially the above lines. In these lines he is talking about interaction between humans and history. So the answer is option (d).
:
D
This is an application question. In order to answer this question, refer to the last paragraph.
“In order to capture the various facets of this mutual interaction, Abrams recommends a fourfold structure to which he believes the investigations of historical sociologists should conform”. You need to align your answer to the last paragraph only and especially the above lines. In these lines he is talking about interaction between humans and history. So the answer is option (d).
Answer: Option C. -> It has not been possible to ascertain which of the factors best explains as to why the Maya civilization collapsed.
:
C
The passage does not talk about Copan inhabitants destroying the records. Hence option (a) is eliminated. The first paragraph mentions that “detailed archaeological studies are available for some Maya sites” which contradicts option (b). Option (d) is mentioned in the third paragraph; however, it does not explain the reasons for Maya collapse.
The passage mentions five possible strands for the Maya collapse. The passage states, “I acknowledge, however, that Maya archaeologists still disagree vigorously among themselves - in part, because the different strands evidently varied in importance among different parts of the Maya realm; because detailed archaeological studies are available for only some Maya sites; and because it remains puzzling why most of the Maya heartland remained nearly empty of population and failed to recover after the collapse and after re-growth of forests”. The idea given in this paragraph is represented in option (c) and it is the correct answer.
:
C
The passage does not talk about Copan inhabitants destroying the records. Hence option (a) is eliminated. The first paragraph mentions that “detailed archaeological studies are available for some Maya sites” which contradicts option (b). Option (d) is mentioned in the third paragraph; however, it does not explain the reasons for Maya collapse.
The passage mentions five possible strands for the Maya collapse. The passage states, “I acknowledge, however, that Maya archaeologists still disagree vigorously among themselves - in part, because the different strands evidently varied in importance among different parts of the Maya realm; because detailed archaeological studies are available for only some Maya sites; and because it remains puzzling why most of the Maya heartland remained nearly empty of population and failed to recover after the collapse and after re-growth of forests”. The idea given in this paragraph is represented in option (c) and it is the correct answer.
Question 159. Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is a condition characterized by an inability to focus on any topic for a prolonged period of time, and is especially common among children five to ten years old. A recent study has shown that 85 percent of seven year old children with ADD watch, on average, more than five hours of television a day. It is therefore very likely that Ed, age seven, has ADD, since he watched roughly six hours of television a day. The argument above is flawed because it
Answer: Option B. -> fails to indicate the chances of having ADD among seven year old children who watch more than five hours of television a day.
:
B
The author's conclusion pops up at the end, when she states that Ed is likely to have ADD because he watches television a lot and is seven. They key piece of evidence is the recent study cited by the author that states that 85% of seven year olds with ADD watch more than five hours of television per day. The study thus discusses only the television-watching habits of seven year olds who have ADD. The author's conclusion is flawed because it makes a conclusion about a seven year old television watcher based on a study about seven year old television watchers with ADD. In other words, there's a scope shift between the evidence and the conclusion. The author errs in accepting the survey as relevant to Ed. (B) expresses this flaw most clearly; In order to make conclusions about Ed, and whether he might have ADD, the author must come up with evidence that pertains to Ed, since the original evidence does not. She needs a statistic that states the likelihood that a seven year old who watches more than five hours of TV a day would have ADD. The evidence provided sounds like that, and (B) captures the gist of the author's mistake. (B) wins.
is confusing, but the argument isn't really about degrees of causation. The author doesn't suggest that age and television-watchingcause a child to contract ADD, but that those factors generally appear with the disorder. (A) distorts the author's conclusion by suggesting that it says that Ed's television-watching has caused him to contract ADD, but the author never suggests this.
(C) Yes, the description of ADD symptoms is limited in the manner cited in (C), but that's not a problem.
Perhaps some doctors might disagree with the author's definition, but its validity is not the issue at
the heart of this argument. Rather, the argument's concerned with Ed's chances of having ADD based
on a particular study.
(D) directly contradicts the stimulus, were we learn that Ed does actually watch more than five hours of
television per day. You may also have noticed that the 15% figure is bogus - it's derived from the 85%
figure in the stimulus, but that figure refers to the percentage of children with ADD who watch more
than five hours of TV a day. Inferably, we can therefore say that 15% of children with ADD do not
watch more than five hours of TV a day, but we can't turn this into 15% of children in general who
don't watch more than five hours, as (D) attempts to do.
(E) again distorts the argument, which never suggests that television watching causes ADD. Since no
causality is mentioned, we can only assume that the data represents a correlation.
:
B
The author's conclusion pops up at the end, when she states that Ed is likely to have ADD because he watches television a lot and is seven. They key piece of evidence is the recent study cited by the author that states that 85% of seven year olds with ADD watch more than five hours of television per day. The study thus discusses only the television-watching habits of seven year olds who have ADD. The author's conclusion is flawed because it makes a conclusion about a seven year old television watcher based on a study about seven year old television watchers with ADD. In other words, there's a scope shift between the evidence and the conclusion. The author errs in accepting the survey as relevant to Ed. (B) expresses this flaw most clearly; In order to make conclusions about Ed, and whether he might have ADD, the author must come up with evidence that pertains to Ed, since the original evidence does not. She needs a statistic that states the likelihood that a seven year old who watches more than five hours of TV a day would have ADD. The evidence provided sounds like that, and (B) captures the gist of the author's mistake. (B) wins.
is confusing, but the argument isn't really about degrees of causation. The author doesn't suggest that age and television-watchingcause a child to contract ADD, but that those factors generally appear with the disorder. (A) distorts the author's conclusion by suggesting that it says that Ed's television-watching has caused him to contract ADD, but the author never suggests this.
(C) Yes, the description of ADD symptoms is limited in the manner cited in (C), but that's not a problem.
Perhaps some doctors might disagree with the author's definition, but its validity is not the issue at
the heart of this argument. Rather, the argument's concerned with Ed's chances of having ADD based
on a particular study.
(D) directly contradicts the stimulus, were we learn that Ed does actually watch more than five hours of
television per day. You may also have noticed that the 15% figure is bogus - it's derived from the 85%
figure in the stimulus, but that figure refers to the percentage of children with ADD who watch more
than five hours of TV a day. Inferably, we can therefore say that 15% of children with ADD do not
watch more than five hours of TV a day, but we can't turn this into 15% of children in general who
don't watch more than five hours, as (D) attempts to do.
(E) again distorts the argument, which never suggests that television watching causes ADD. Since no
causality is mentioned, we can only assume that the data represents a correlation.
Question 160. 1. The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation represents 25 percent of the world population. Important features of SAARC include its biodiversity, its large population coverage, and its cultural heritage. 2. But the people of SAARC countries are still poor and backward; the per capita income is low; unemployment and terrorism have created tensions in the region; quality education and healthcare are not available to all. 3. Since one billion citizens of SAARC countries live in villages, rural life can be improved only by providing better physical connectivity, electronic and knowledge connectivity, land reforms and agrarian reforms. 4. India should extend the programme called "Providing Urban Amenities in Rural Areas” (PURA) to other remote and backward states to lift them from the quagmire of poverty, unemployment, and dogmatism.
Answer: Option B. -> FFJJ
:
B
Statement 1 and 2 are based on facts about SAARC countries. Statement 3 is based on judgment about how life of its people can be improved and statement 4 is based on judgment how India can help.
:
B
Statement 1 and 2 are based on facts about SAARC countries. Statement 3 is based on judgment about how life of its people can be improved and statement 4 is based on judgment how India can help.
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