Answer: Option D. -> Training & Development
The scope of human resource management includes Training & Development. Training and Development is a subsystem of an organization which emphasize on the improvement of the performance of individuals and groups. Training is an educational process which involves the sharpening of skills, concepts, changing of attitude and gaining more knowledge to enhance the performance of the employees.

Answer: Option B. -> The' process of ensuring that people required running the company are being used as effectively as possible especially in fulfilling developmental needs in order to accomplish the organisation's goals
The statement which best describes the function of Human Resources Planning is the' process of ensuring that people required running the company are being used as effectively as possible especially in fulfilling developmental needs in order to accomplish the organisation's goals.

Answer: Option A. -> Job analysis
The process of analyzing jobs from which job descriptions are developed are called Job analysis. Job analysis is the process of gathering and analyzing information about the content and the human requirements of jobs, as well as, the context in which jobs are performed. This process is used to determine placement of jobs.

Answer: Option A. -> Potential
Potential appraisal is done separately will provide feedback on the potential of these managers. Potential appraisal is a future-oriented appraisal whose main objective is to identify and evaluate the potential of the employees to assume higher positions and responsibilities in the organizational hierarchy. Many organizations consider and use PA as a part of the performance appraisal processes.

Answer: Option A. -> Counselling
Counselling involves a one to one discussion between the participant and administrator. Counselling is the process that occurs when a client and counsellor set aside time to explore difficulties which may include the stressful or emotional feelings of the client.

Answer: Option D. -> All of the above
360-Degree Feedback enhances the quality of HR, Management and HRD decisions.

Answer: Option A. -> Teaching
In the Grid Seminars, stress is laid on teaching. The Grid Training is the comprehensive organization development programme developed by Blake and Mouton, which focuses on the overall development of individuals, groups and the organization as a whole.

Answer: Option A. -> Merit rating
Merit rating system stresses on discipline and there is simplicity in the form. Merit Rating is also known as performance appraisal or performance evaluation. It is a systematic process for measuring the performance of the employees in terms of job requirements.

Answer: Option A. -> Career progression
The role of the organisation in career planning is to introduce & strengthen systems to ensure Career progression of employees. Developing career paths that enable employees to understand their options to grow in the organization. Gathering the information to determine what skills they would need to achieve this.

Answer: Option A. -> Qualification
Stephen Knauf defined HRA as "the measurement & Qualification of Human organisational inputs such as recruitment, training experience & commitment.