In the post-Mauryan period, the techniques of cloth-making, silk- weaving, and the manufacture of luxury articles developed. Mathura was a great center for the manufacture of a special type of cloth which was called shataka.

Kanishka was the third ruler of the Kushana empire. He was the grandson of Kadphises I, the founder of the Kushana empire. The famous Rabatak Inscription written on a rock in the Bactrian language and the Greek script presents valuable information on Kanishka.

The Kushanas were also called as Guishuang as mentioned by various Chinese texts. Kushanas were also known as Tocharians and were one of the five tribes of Yueh-Chi or Yuezhi.

According to the Rabatak inscription, Kujula Kadphises was the great grandfather of the great Kushan king Kanishka I. He is considered as the founder of the Kushan Empire. He died in the year 80 A.D.

Nagarjuna was also termed as the Indian Einstein. He proposed the Theory of Relativity in his time in the form of a Sutra which is also called as the Prajna Parimata Sutra. He was a great patron of Mahayana doctrine.

Kushans were most probably one of the five branches of the Yuezhi confederation. Kujula Kadphises was the first Yuezhi chief and he laid the foundation of the Kushana Empire in India. He established his supremacy over Kabul, Kandahar, and Afghanistan.

The historian V. A. Smith has called Samudragupta the ‘Napoleon’ of India because of his policy of war and conquest. He started with the conquest of his immediate neighbours and then by campaigns to the east and the south.

Fa Hien or Faxian who was a famous Chinese traveler, visited India during his reign of Chandragupta II. He came through land route and went back through sea route.

The land during the Gupta period can be classified into the following groups:Kshetra: Cultivable landKhila: Waste landAprahata: Jungle or forest landVasti: Habitable landGapata Sarah: Pasture land

Ramgupta was the elder son of Samudragupta. Samudragupta was succeeded by Ramagupta according to some legends, but Chandragupta II killed him. It is also believed that during the tenure of  Ramagupta, the Gupta empire was invaded by a powerful Shaka kin.