Answer: Option C. -> DNA similarity
:
C
Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by DNA similarity. According to DNA studies, DNA of humans and chimpanzees is 98% similar. Humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestry.

Answer: Option C. -> Heredity
:
C
The set of rules that determine the process by which traits and characteristics are reliably inherited is known as heredity. Heredity is also explained as 'tendency of the offspring to exhibit certain characters of parents or ancestors'.

Answer: Option A. -> variations
:
A
Variations when combined with geographical isolation ensures that only the organisms that have well-adapted to the changing conditions will survive. This can lead to the emergence of a new species (well-adapted organisms), through a process called speciation.

Answer: Option B. -> False
:
B
Variation in the genetic makeup forms the very basis for evolution of living organisms. The environmental forces influence the species in such a waythat the better adapted and fit variants of the species survive. This resultsin the formation of a new variety of species with new set of desirabe characters leading to evolution.

Answer: Option A. -> Gregor Johann Mendel
:
A
Gregor Johann Mendel, also known as the 'Father of Genetics', postulated the Laws of Inheritance. Genetics is the branch of science which studies the different laws that govern inheritance and heredity in living organisms.

Answer: Option B. -> artificial selection
:
B
Broccoli has been cultivated from wild cabbage by the method of artificial selection by the farmers. Green coloured flowering heads of broccoli are edible. The wild cabbage was bred and selected for this character to get broccoli.

Answer: Option B. -> Species C existed before species B
:
B
Following conclusions can be drawn by observing the figure.
1.Species A is the most recent species because it is located on top.
2. Species B is more abundant than species C as its fossils are found in two layers of the sedimentary rock.
3. Deeper the layers, older are the fossils. So, fossils of species C are older than the fossils of species B. Thus, species C existed before species B.
Different layers of earth provide information about geological time scale. Scientists link the fossils and the geological time scale information to know the time of existence of those species.

Answer: Option C. -> molecular phylogeny
:
C
Molecular phylogeny is the technique that employs comparison of changes accumulated in the DNA of an organism over generations to establish evolutionary relationships. This approach is based on the idea that organisms which are more distantly related will accumulate a greater number of differences in their DNA.

Answer: Option B. -> False
:
B
Varations that occur in the somatic cells are known assomatic variations. They are variation that are not passed on from one generation to another generation. Germinal variations are the variations that take place in the germ cells. These variations are inherited by the future generations.

Answer: Option A. -> Neanderthals
:
A
Neanderthals are the closest extinct ancestor of modern human beings. They both belong to the same genus (Homo) and shared 99.7% similarity in their DNA.