Answer: Option A
• Data refers to raw and unprocessed facts, figures, symbols, or observations that are collected from various sources, such as surveys, experiments, sensors, and databases.
• Information is the processed data that has meaning and value. It represents the outcome of data processing or analysis and provides insights, knowledge, or understanding that can support decision-making, planning, communication, or control.
• Therefore, data is the input to the process of creating information, and information is the output of data processing.
• The transformation of data into information involves several steps, such as data collection, data storage, data cleaning, data integration, data analysis, data visualization, and data interpretation.
• The quality of information depends on the quality of data, which should be accurate, complete, consistent, relevant, and timely. In other words, the accuracy of information is directly related to the quality of data used to produce it.
• Various tools and techniques can be used to process data into information, such as statistical analysis, machine learning, data mining, natural language processing, and information systems.
• Examples of data and information in different domains are:

• Financial data (e.g., stock prices, balance sheets, cash flow statements) can be processed into financial information (e.g., trends, ratios, forecasts, valuations) that helps investors, managers, and regulators to make informed decisions about financial assets and liabilities.
• Medical data (e.g., patient records, clinical trials, genomic data) can be processed into medical information (e.g., diagnoses, treatments, prognoses, personalized medicine) that helps healthcare providers, researchers, and patients to improve health outcomes and reduce costs.
• Social media data (e.g., tweets, posts, likes, comments) can be processed into social media information (e.g., sentiment, influence, network analysis, customer feedback) that helps marketers, analysts, and policymakers to understand user behavior, preferences, and attitudes and to design effective communication strategies.

In summary, data and information are two distinct but interrelated concepts that form the basis of modern knowledge management and decision support. Data is the foundation, and information is the outcome of data processing.