Answer: Option A
Answer: (a)
Iqta was introduced by Delhi Sultans while Jagir was introduced by Mughals. Amaram was introduced by the Vijaynagar Empire. Mokasa was introduced by Maratha. ‘Iqta’ is an Arabic word, which became a tool of administration in Islamicate traditions.
The land pieces assigned to military chiefs were called as Amaram during Vijayanagar empire. Two-thirds of the collections however remained with the Maratha sardars who collected the taxes and they used it for maintaining their troops for the Chhatrapati. This part of the levy was called mokasa.
The chauth along with sardeshmukhi levies ensured a steady and large stream of income for the Marathas and helped them expand their armies beyond the swarajya territories of Shivaji.