Lakshya Education MCQs

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Question: A conclusion that could be drawn from the passage is :(1) Language is essentially only
expressing and communicating.(2) Communication cannot take
place without the aid of language.(3) Information, Commands and
Questions can be separated.





(4) A person ignorant in physics
shows ignorance in language too.
Options:
A.1 only
B.3 only
C.1&3 only
D.1,2 &3 only
Answer: Option B
: B

"Language is essentially only expressing and communicating.”
The passage states the following
"Language has two primary purposes, expression and communication.”
The author states that language has two main purposes - expression and communication. This does not mean that it is only meant for expressing and communicating. In fact when the author states that "language has two main purposes” it can mean that language has many purposes but two of them are very important.
The word "only” is too strong. So statement (1) is wrong.
So option (a), (c) and (d) are wrong.

Statement (3) is correct
Look at these lines
"Communication does not consist only of giving information ; commands and questions must be included. Sometimes the two are scarcely separable ;”
The author states that sometimes they are inseparable. That means there are some places where they can be separated.
So the correct answer is option (b)

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Question 1. Which of the below example supports the authors point "Such parallel worlds will need to correspond as closely as possible to the real world"?
  1.    Prevention of the world war leading to various conjectures
  2.    German Kaiser view on the future German empire.  
  3.    Control and supervisory mechanisms to prevent Wall St Crash  
  4.    Napoleon's victory at Waterloo.
Answer: Option A
: A

This is an inference question. Look at these lines.
"Some of these conjectures undoubtedly informed post-war decision making, which led, inter alia, to the idea of collective action, initially through the League of Nations, later the United Nations".
So these conjectures (on prevention of world war) led to a real world event (formation of United Nations).
All the other examples do not lead to a real world event.
So the answer is option (a).
Question 2. It can be inferred from the passage that dream-content is best analyzed:
  1.    By being translated into dream thoughts.
  2.    By interpreting the symbols in accordance with their values as pictures.
  3.    In accordance with their meaning as symbols.
  4.    By viewing icons as words and attributing them with symbols.
Answer: Option D
: D

The passage describes various ways of analyzing dreams; a good suggestion comes forth in the last paragraph “It would of course, be incorrect to attempt to read these symbols in accordance with their values as pictures,” and “A correct judgment of the picture- puzzle is possible only if I make no such objections to the whole and its parts, and if, on the contrary, I take the trouble to replace each image by a syllable or word which it may represent by virtue of some allusion or relation.”
Question 3. A recent university study indicated that students who receive full scholarships tendto maintain higher grade point averages than do students who must take out loans or work to get to finance school. The study concluded that scholarships enable students to achieve high grade point average by alleviating the stress related to financial concerns and freeing up students' time to study more. The study's conclusion depends on which of the following assumptions?
  1.    Students who take out loans maintain higher grade point averages than those who work to finance school.
  2.    Finance-related stress affects student performance in a manner similar to that of restricted study time.
  3.    Students who must work to pay for their studies cannot maintain high grade point averages.
  4.    High grade point averages were not the primary criterion upon which the scholarship awards were based.
Answer: Option D
: D

The evidence of the study indicates that students on full scholarships maintain higher grade point averages (GPAs) than do students who work or take out loans. From this evidence, the study concluded that the scholarships "enable” those students to earn higher GPAs by alleviating financial stress and freeing up the students' time. Notice how the evidence links scholarships and higher GPAs, but the conclusion jumps into the realm ofcause and effect. The word enable is your clue that the author is now speaking of a casual mechanism. The author assumes that the only possible reason for the association in the casual mechanism cited in the conclusion, and the correct answer will likely bolster this notion by eliminating an alternative explanation. Choice (d) hits on the right issue. It's possible that the author of this argument got the casual mechanism backwards. She agrees that scholarships lead to high GPA's, but may be the opposite is true: high GPA's lead to scholarships. The argument won't work if there's another reason for the correlation cited in the evidence. If high GPAs are the primary criterion for the scholarships in the first place, then it's not surprising that scholarship holders tend to earn higher GPAs than others. The students must generally be of otherwise equal ability before the conclusion can safely be drawn. (d) is the answer because it eliminates a very plausible alternative explanation for the correlation cited in the first sentence, and this is the assumption cited in the first sentence, and thus is the assumption on which this conclusion depends.
Question 4. 2005 is also the year we start implementing our new European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). Having finally overcome 60 years of division in Europe, we are determined not to create a new set of dividing lines in Europe, and want to capitalise on our new members' relations with their neighbours to project the EU's stability, prosperity and security beyond our shores.___________________________
  1.    The EU is becoming an increasingly strong player in the international arena, which gives us a firm platform from which to develop closer ties with partners across the world.
  2.    In return for their taking meaningful steps to strengthen the rule of law, good governance, human rights, democracy, and economic reform, we offer new opportunities to share in the EU's single market
  3.    So we have developed the ENP to build a special relationship with new neighbours, aimed at bringing them closer to our values and standards
  4.    We want to develop an outward-looking Europe -- for our interests, but also for our partners.
Answer: Option C
: C

The paragraph talks about why the ENP policy will be good to implement and what it will put an end to. Option (c) is the best concluding line for this paragraph as it provides a gist of the advantages of the ENP policy.
Question 5. Based on the passage, "the new problem” can best be described as:
  1.    Extrapolation of the processes by which the latter has grown out of the former.
  2.    Tracing the relationship between the latent dream-thoughts and the manifest dream-content.
  3.    Examination of dream-thoughts and dream-content and the course of the latter's development from the former.
  4.    Patronizing, as dream thoughts are very difficult to be analyzed by all.
Answer: Option C
: C

The author describes the new problem as involving a study of the relations between latent dreams and manifest dreams and also the course of latent dreams evolution from manifest dreams (Ref 2nd paragraph).
Question 6. Manifestations of Islamic political militancy in the first period of religious reformism were the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and the victory of the Usuli "mujtahids” in Shiite Iran and Iraq.
  1.    Manifestations of Islamic political militancy in the first period of religious reformism were shown in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and also
  2.    In the first period of religious reformism, manifestations of Islamic political militancy were the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, of the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and
  3.    In the first period of religious reformism, manifestations of Islamic political militancy were shown in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and
  4.    In the first period of religious reformism, Islamic political militancy was manifested in the rise of the Wahhabis in Arabia, the Sanusi in Cyrenaica, the Fulani in Nigeria, the Mahdi in the Sudan, and in
Answer: Option D
: D

D, the best choice, uses parallel phrases for the two major coordinate members (in the rise of... and in the victory of ...) and also for the series listed in the first of these (s in t, u in v, w in x, and y in z). D's placement of the In... reformismphrase at the beginning of the sentence is direct and efficient. Choices A, B and C omit and before the Mahdi, the last element in the first series; thus, they incorrectly merge the second major member (the victory of) into the series listed under the first member (the rise of). Furthermore, in B and C the in...reformismphrase has been awkwardly set between the subject and verb of the sentence.

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